עַד־אָ֨נָה אָשִׁ֪ית עֵצֹ֡ות בְּנַפְשִׁ֗י יָגֹ֣ון בִּלְבָבִ֣י יֹומָ֑ם עַד־אָ֓נָה יָר֖וּם אֹיְבִ֣י עָלָֽי׃
Until when shall I set counsels in my soul, sorrow in my heart by day? Until when shall my enemy be exalted over me?
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עַד | ʿad | “until” | Preposition |
| 2 | אָ֨נָה | ʾanah | “when?” | Interrogative adverb |
| 3 | אָשִׁית | ʾashit | “I shall set” | Qal imperfect 1cs |
| 4 | עֵצֹות | ʿetsot | “counsels” | N fp |
| 5 | בְּנַפְשִׁי | benafshi | “in my soul” | Prep בְּ + N fs + suff 1cs |
| 6 | יָגֹון | yagon | “sorrow” | N ms |
| 7 | בִּלְבָבִי | bilvavi | “in my heart” | Prep בְּ + N ms + suff 1cs |
| 8 | יֹומָם | yomam | “by day” | Adverb |
| 9 | עַד | ʿad | “until” | Preposition |
| 10 | אָ֓נָה | ʾanah | “when?” | Interrogative adverb |
| 11 | יָרוּם | yarum | “shall be exalted” | Qal imperfect 3ms |
| 12 | אֹיְבִי | oyvi | “my enemy” | N ms + suff 1cs |
| 13 | עָלָי | ʿalay | “over me” | Prep עַל + suff 1cs |
Morphology
- עַד (ʿad) — Root: —; Root Type: Prepositional form; Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Introduces a temporal boundary.
- אָ֨נָה (ʾanah) — Root: —; Root Type: Interrogative; Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “when?” / “how long?”; Notes: Standard lament formula in Hebrew poetry.
- אָשִׁית (ʾashit) — Root: שׁית (shith); Root Type: Hollow; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I shall set”; Notes: Indicates placing or setting thoughts internally.
- עֵצֹות (ʿetsot) — Root: יעץ (y-ʿ-ṣ); Root Type: I-Weak; Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “counsels”; Notes: Refers to internal deliberations or plans.
- בְּנַפְשִׁי (benafshi) — Root: נפשׁ (n-p-sh); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “in my soul”; Notes: Expresses inner personal experience.
- יָגֹון (yagon) — Root: יגה / יגון; Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “sorrow”; Notes: Emotional distress paired with the previous internal counsel.
- בִּלְבָבִי (bilvavi) — Root: לבב (l-b-b); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “in my heart”; Notes: Hebrew anthropology associates the heart with thought and emotion.
- יֹומָם (yomam) — Root: יום (y-w-m); Root Type: Hollow; Form: Adverb; Translation: “by day”; Notes: Indicates continuous daily suffering.
- עַד (ʿad) — Root: —; Root Type: Prepositional form; Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Repetition intensifies the lament.
- אָ֓נָה (ʾanah) — Root: —; Root Type: Interrogative; Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “when?”; Notes: Poetic repetition.
- יָרוּם (yarum) — Root: רום (rum); Root Type: Hollow (II-Waw); Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be exalted”; Notes: Expresses the enemy gaining superiority.
- אֹיְבִי (oyvi) — Root: איב (ʾ-y-b); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “my enemy”; Notes: Personal adversary threatening the speaker.
- עָלָי (ʿalay) — Root: —; Root Type: Prepositional form; Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 1cs; Translation: “over me”; Notes: Indicates hostile dominance.