שָׁ֣ם נָ֭פְלוּ פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן דֹּ֝ח֗וּ וְלֹא־יָ֥כְלוּ קֽוּם׃
There have fallen the workers of trouble; they are thrust down and are not able to rise.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | שָׁם | sham | “there” | Adverb |
| 2 | נָפְלוּ | naflu | “they have fallen” | Qal perfect 3mp |
| 3 | פֹּעֲלֵי | poʿalei | “workers of” | N(mp construct) |
| 4 | אָוֶן | ʾaven | “trouble” | N(ms) |
| 5 | דֹּחוּ | doḥu | “they are thrust down” | Qal perfect 3mp |
| 6 | וְלֹא־ | ve-lo | “and not” | Conj + Neg |
| 7 | יָכְלוּ | yakhlu | “they are able” | Qal perfect 3mp |
| 8 | קֽוּם | qum | “to rise” | Qal infinitive construct |
Morphology
- שָׁם (sham) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Points to the place of downfall.
- נָפְלוּ (naflu) – Root: נפל (n-p-l); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have fallen”; Notes: Indicates completed collapse.
- פֹּעֲלֵי (poʿalei) – Root: פעל (p-ʿ-l); Root Type: II-Guttural (ע); Form: Noun masculine plural construct (state: construct); Translation: “workers of”; Notes: Those who actively practice wrongdoing.
- אָוֶן (ʾaven) – Root: און (ʾ-w-n); Root Type: I-Aleph (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “trouble”; Notes: Evil or harmful deeds.
- דֹּחוּ (doḥu) – Root: דחה (d-ḥ-h); Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they are thrust down”; Notes: Expresses forceful rejection or overthrow.
- וְלֹא־ (ve-lo) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Continues negation.
- יָכְלוּ (yakhlu) – Root: יכל (y-k-l); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they are able”; Notes: Indicates capability now denied.
- קֽוּם (qum) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Root Type: Hollow (II-Waw); Binyan: Qal; Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “to rise”; Notes: Expresses inability to recover.