כִּי֩ אֶת־הַבְּכֹ֨ר בֶּן־הַשְּׂנוּאָ֜ה יַכִּ֗יר לָ֤תֶת לֹו֙ פִּ֣י שְׁנַ֔יִם בְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־יִמָּצֵ֖א לֹ֑ו כִּי־הוּא֙ רֵאשִׁ֣ית אֹנֹ֔ו לֹ֖ו מִשְׁפַּ֥ט הַבְּכֹרָֽה׃ ס
For he shall acknowledge the firstborn, the son of the unloved, to give him a double portion in all that is found to be his, for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his.
Morphology
- כִּי֩ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the law.
- אֶת־הַבְּכֹ֨ר (et-ha-bekhor) – Root: בכר (bakhar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the firstborn”; Notes: The legally recognized first son.
- בֶּן־הַשְּׂנוּאָ֜ה (ben ha-senu’ah) – Root: בן (ben) + שנא (sane); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with adjective; Translation: “the son of the unloved”; Notes: The son of the less favored wife.
- יַכִּ֗יר (yakir) – Root: נכר (nakar); Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall acknowledge”; Notes: Legal recognition of inheritance.
- לָ֤תֶת לֹו֙ (latet lo) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to give him”; Notes: Specifies the father’s duty.
- פִּ֣י שְׁנַ֔יִם (pi shenayim) – Root: שנים (shenayim); Form: Noun, dual construct; Translation: “a double portion”; Notes: The standard right of the firstborn.
- בְּכֹ֥ל (be-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “in all”; Notes: Refers to the inheritance.
- אֲשֶׁר־יִמָּצֵ֖א לֹ֑ו (asher-yimatzeh lo) – Root: מצא (matsa); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that is found to be his”; Notes: Legal ownership is emphasized.
- כִּי־הוּא֙ (ki-hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “for he”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the privilege.
- רֵאשִׁ֣ית אֹנֹ֔ו (reshit ono) – Root: ראש (rosh) + און (on); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct + noun; Translation: “the beginning of his strength”; Notes: Expresses the physical and social significance of the firstborn.
- לֹ֖ו (lo) – Root: ל (le) + הוא (hu); Form: Preposition with pronoun; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Indicates the possession of the birthright.
- מִשְׁפַּ֥ט הַבְּכֹרָֽה (mishpat ha-bekhorah) – Root: שפט (shafat) + בכר (bakhar); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “the right of the firstborn”; Notes: Refers to the legal status.