יִתֵּ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מְטַ֥ר אַרְצְךָ֖ אָבָ֣ק וְעָפָ֑ר מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ יֵרֵ֣ד עָלֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ׃
YHWH will give the rain of your land as dust and powder; from the heavens it will come down upon you until you are destroyed.
Morphology
- יִתֵּ֧ן (yitten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will give”; Notes: Indicates a future action initiated by YHWH.
- יְהוָ֛ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisra’el.
- אֶת־מְטַ֥ר (et-metar) – Root: מטר (matar); Form: Direct object marker + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the rain”; Notes: Refers to the expected blessing turned into a curse.
- אַרְצְךָ֖ (artzekha) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “of your land”; Notes: Indicates possession, referring to the land of Yisra’el.
- אָבָ֣ק (ʾavāq) – Root: אבק (ʾavāq); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “dust”; Notes: Symbolizes desolation and lack of fertility.
- וְעָפָ֑ר (ve-ʿāfār) – Root: עפר (ʿāfār); Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and powder”; Notes: Emphasizes the extent of dryness and ruin.
- מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ (min-ha-shāmayim) – Root: שָׁמַיִם (shāmayim); Form: Preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural; Translation: “from the heavens”; Notes: The usual source of life-giving rain becomes a source of curse.
- יֵרֵ֣ד (yered) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “it will come down”; Notes: Refers to the falling of dust instead of rain.
- עָלֶ֔יךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Indicates the direct impact on the people.
- עַ֖ד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Marks the extent of the action.
- הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ (hishammedkha) – Root: שׁמד (shamad); Form: Nifal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “you are destroyed”; Notes: Describes the ultimate consequence of disobedience to YHWH.