וּבָ֨אוּ עַמִּ֤ים רַבִּים֙ וְגֹויִ֣ם עֲצוּמִ֔ים לְבַקֵּ֛שׁ אֶת־יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֹ֖ות בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וּלְחַלֹּ֖ות אֶת־פְּנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ ס
And many peoples shall come, and mighty nations, to seek YHWH of Hosts in Yerushalayim and to entreat the face of YHWH.’
Morphology
- וּבָאוּ (u-vaʾu) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with future sense; Translation: “and they shall come”; Notes: Predictive statement describing future pilgrimage.
- עַמִּים (ʿammim) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “peoples”; Notes: Refers to multiple ethnic groups.
- רַבִּים (rabbim) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Emphasizes numerical abundance.
- וְגֹויִם (ve-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and nations”; Notes: Distinct political or ethnic entities.
- עֲצוּמִים (ʿatsumim) – Root: עצם (ʿatsam); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “mighty”; Notes: Indicates strength or power.
- לְבַקֵּשׁ (le-vaqqesh) – Root: בקשׁ (baqash); Form: Preposition לְ + Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “to seek”; Notes: Expresses purpose of coming.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the definite direct object.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא (tsavaʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Highlights divine sovereignty.
- בִּירוּשָׁלִָם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: —; Form: Preposition בְּ + proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: Central place of worship.
- וּלְחַלֹּות (u-le-ḥallot) – Root: חלה (ḥalah); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “and to entreat”; Notes: Seeking favor or mercy.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the definite object.
- פְּנֵי (penei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the face of”; Notes: Idiom for presence and favor.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes the object of devotion.