Exodus 20:17 (Exodus 20:14)

לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹ֞ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֗ךָ וְעַבְדֹּ֤ו וַאֲמָתֹו֙ וְשֹׁורֹ֣ו וַחֲמֹרֹ֔ו וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃ פ

You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, his male servant, his female servant, his ox, his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.

Morphology

1. לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: N/A; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
2. תַחְמֹ֖ד (takhmod) – Root: חמד (ḥ-m-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You shall covet”; Notes: Refers to an intense, wrongful desire.
3. בֵּ֣ית (beit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “House”; Notes: Indicates possession or ownership.
4. רֵעֶ֑ךָ (rei’akha) – Root: רע (r-ʿ); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + 2ms suffix; Translation: “Your neighbor”; Notes: Specifies the object of the prohibition.
5. לֹֽא־תַחְמֹ֞ד (lo-takhmod) – Root: חמד (ḥ-m-d); Form: Negative particle + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You shall not covet”; Notes: Reiterates the prohibition for emphasis.
6. אֵ֣שֶׁת (eshet) – Root: אשה (ʾ-sh-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “Wife of”; Notes: Refers to a married woman.
7. רֵעֶ֗ךָ (rei’akha) – Root: רע (r-ʿ); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + 2ms suffix; Translation: “Your neighbor”; Notes: The neighbor’s possessions and relationships are prohibited from covetous desire.
8. וְעַבְדֹּ֤ו (v’avdo) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And his male servant”; Notes: Refers to someone under the neighbor’s service.
9. וַאֲמָתֹו֙ (va’amato) – Root: אמה (ʾ-m-h); Form: Conjunction + Noun, feminine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And his female servant”; Notes: Includes female servants as part of possessions not to be coveted.
10. וְשֹׁורֹ֣ו (v’shoro) – Root: שור (sh-w-r); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And his ox”; Notes: Refers to livestock belonging to the neighbor.
11. וַחֲמֹרֹ֔ו (vaḥamoro) – Root: חמור (ḥ-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And his donkey”; Notes: Includes beasts of burden in the prohibition.
12. וְכֹ֖ל (v’chol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “And everything”; Notes: Broadens the scope to include all possessions.
13. אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: N/A; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
14. לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃ (l’rei’akha) – Root: רע (r-ʿ); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct + 2ms suffix; Translation: “Belongs to your neighbor”; Notes: Concludes the prohibition with emphasis on ownership.