אֶת־חַ֣ג הַמַּצֹּות֮ תִּשְׁמֹר֒ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִים֩ תֹּאכַ֨ל מַצֹּ֜ות כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוִּיתִ֗ךָ לְמֹועֵד֙ חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽאָבִ֔יב כִּי־בֹ֖ו יָצָ֣אתָ מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וְלֹא־יֵרָא֥וּ פָנַ֖י רֵיקָֽם׃
You shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the appointed time in the month of Aviv, because in it you came out of Mitsrayim; and none shall appear before Me empty-handed.
Morphology
- אֶת־חַ֣ג (et-ḥag) – Root: חגג (ḥ-g-g); Form: Accusative particle + Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “The feast”; Notes: Refers to the observance of the Feast of Unleavened Bread.
- הַמַּצֹּות֮ (ha-matzot) – Root: מצה (m-tz-h); Form: Noun, feminine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “Of unleavened bread”; Notes: Specifies the type of bread for the feast.
- תִּשְׁמֹר֒ (tishmor) – Root: שמר (sh-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You shall observe”; Notes: Command to actively keep the feast.
- שִׁבְעַ֣ת (shivʿat) – Root: שבע (sh-b-ʿ); Form: Numeral, masculine singular construct; Translation: “Seven”; Notes: Indicates the duration of the feast.
- יָמִים֩ (yamim) – Root: יום (y-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “Days”; Notes: Refers to the seven-day observance.
- תֹּאכַ֨ל (toʾakhal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You shall eat”; Notes: Instruction to consume unleavened bread during the feast.
- מַצֹּ֜ות (matzot) – Root: מצה (m-tz-h); Form: Noun, feminine plural absolute; Translation: “Unleavened bread”; Notes: Refers to bread without leaven.
- כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Compound particle; Translation: “As”; Notes: Introduces the standard for observance.
- צִוִּיתִ֗ךָ (tzivvitikha) – Root: צוה (tz-w-h); Form: Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1cs + 2ms suffix; Translation: “I commanded you”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s prior instruction.
- לְמֹועֵד֙ (le-moʿed) – Root: יעד (y-ʿ-d); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “At the appointed time”; Notes: Refers to the set time for the feast.
- חֹ֣דֶשׁ (ḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥ-d-sh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Month”; Notes: Specifies the time of the feast.
- הָֽאָבִ֔יב (ha-aviv) – Root: אביב (ʾ-v-v); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “Of Aviv”; Notes: Refers to the first month in the biblical calendar.
- כִּי־בֹ֖ו (ki-vo) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction + Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “Because in it”; Notes: Indicates the reason for the observance.
- יָצָ֣אתָ (yatzata) – Root: יצא (y-tz-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “You came out”; Notes: Refers to the Exodus from Mitsrayim.
- מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם (mi-Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (m-tz-r-y-m); Form: Preposition + Proper noun, dual; Translation: “From Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
- וְלֹא־יֵרָא֥וּ (velo-yerʾau) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “And none shall appear”; Notes: A command regarding approaching YHWH.
- פָנַ֖י (fanai) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 1cs suffix; Translation: “Before Me”; Notes: Refers to the presence of YHWH.
- רֵיקָֽם׃ (reikam) – Root: ריק (r-y-q); Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Empty-handed”; Notes: Prohibition against coming without an offering.