וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה עֲלֵ֥ה אֵלַ֛י הָהָ֖רָה וֶהְיֵה־שָׁ֑ם וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה לְךָ֜ אֶת־לֻחֹ֣ת הָאֶ֗בֶן וְהַתֹּורָה֙ וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּתַ֖בְתִּי לְהֹורֹתָֽם׃
And YHWH said to Moshe, “Come up to Me on the mountain and stay there, and I will give you the tablets of stone and the Torah and the commandment which I have written to teach them.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Wayyiqtol, 3ms; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Common narrative verb introducing speech.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, the personal name of God.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה (el-Mosheh) – Root: משה (M-sh-h); Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “To Mosheh”; Notes: Directs the speech to Moses.
- עֲלֵ֥ה (ʿaleh) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Come up”; Notes: A command to ascend.
- אֵלַ֛י (elay) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Preposition with 1cs suffix; Translation: “To Me”; Notes: Indicates direction towards God.
- הָהָ֖רָה (haharah) – Root: הר (h-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular with directional he; Translation: “To the mountain”; Notes: The directional he indicates movement toward the mountain.
- וֶהְיֵה־שָׁ֑ם (ve-heyeh-sham) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms + Adverb; Translation: “And stay there”; Notes: A command to remain in a specific place.
- וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה (ve-ettenah) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 1cs with cohortative nuance; Translation: “And I will give”; Notes: Indicates God’s intention to bestow something.
- לְךָ֜ (lekha) – Root: לך (l-k); Form: Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the action.
- אֶת־לֻחֹ֣ת (et-luḥot) – Root: לוח (l-w-ḥ); Form: Definite direct object marker + Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “The tablets of”; Notes: Refers to the stone tablets.
- הָאֶ֗בֶן (haʾeven) – Root: אבן (ʾ-b-n); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Stone”; Notes: Specifies the material of the tablets.
- וְהַתֹּורָה֙ (ve-haTorah) – Root: ירה (y-r-h); Form: Conjunction + Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “And the Torah”; Notes: Refers to divine instruction or teaching.
- וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה (ve-hamitsvah) – Root: צוה (ts-w-h); Form: Conjunction + Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “And the commandment”; Notes: Refers to specific divine commandments.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: N/A; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- כָּתַ֖בְתִּי (katavti) – Root: כתב (k-t-v); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “I have written”; Notes: Refers to God’s authorship of the tablets.
- לְהֹורֹתָֽם (lehorotam) – Root: ירה (y-r-h); Form: Preposition + Verb, Hifil, Infinitive Construct with 3mp suffix; Translation: “To teach them”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the commandments.