Exodus 28:9

וְלָ֣קַחְתָּ֔ אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֖י אַבְנֵי־שֹׁ֑הַם וּפִתַּחְתָּ֣ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם שְׁמֹ֖ות בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

And you shall take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of the sons of Yisra’el.

Morphology

1. וְלָ֣קַחְתָּ (ve-laqaḥta) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “And you shall take”; Notes: Direct instruction to take the stones.
2. אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֖י (et-shtei) – Root: שתי (sh-t-y); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, feminine dual construct; Translation: “The two”; Notes: Refers to the specific two stones.
3. אַבְנֵי־שֹׁ֑הַם (avnei-shoham) – Root: אבן (ʾ-b-n) + שהם (sh-h-m); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct + Noun; Translation: “Onyx stones”; Notes: Precious stones for the ephod.
4. וּפִתַּחְתָּ֣ (u-fitachta) – Root: פתח (p-t-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Piel, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “And engrave”; Notes: Indicates precise carving of names.
5. עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם (aleihem) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition with 3mp suffix; Translation: “On them”; Notes: Refers to the two onyx stones.
6. שְׁמֹ֖ות (shemot) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “The names”; Notes: Refers to the names of Yisra’el’s sons.
7. בְּנֵ֥י (bnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Sons of”; Notes: Indicates lineage or descendants.
8. יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (y-s-r-ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the patriarch Jacob and his descendants.