וַיַּ֛עַשׂ שְׁנֵ֥י כְרֻבִ֖ים זָהָ֑ב מִקְשָׁה֙ עָשָׂ֣ה אֹתָ֔ם מִשְּׁנֵ֖י קְצֹ֥ות הַכַּפֹּֽרֶת
And he made two keruvim of gold; of beaten work made he them, on the two ends of the mercy seat.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֛עַשׂ (vaya’ase) – Root: עשה (a-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person singular; Translation: “And he made”; Notes: The verb indicates an action that has been completed.
- שְׁנֵ֥י (shenei) – Root: שני (sh-n-y); Form: Adjective, dual; Translation: “Two”; Notes: Referring to the two cherubim, the plural form used here indicates two of them.
- כְרֻבִ֖ים (kerubim) – Root: כרוב (k-r-b); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Cherubim”; Notes: Refers to angelic figures often depicted as guardians of sacred spaces.
- זָהָ֑ב (zahav) – Root: זהב (z-h-v); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Gold”; Notes: Referring to pure gold, a material frequently used in the construction of sacred objects.
- מִקְשָׁה (miqshah) – Root: קשׁה (k-sh-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Beaten work”; Notes: Refers to the process of shaping metal by hammering it, often used for delicate or intricate designs.
- עָשָׂ֣ה (asah) – Root: עשה (a-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person singular; Translation: “He made”; Notes: This is a repeated verb indicating the action performed by the craftsman.
- אֹתָ֔ם (otam) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Referring to the two cherubim.
- מִשְּׁנֵ֖י (mishenei) – Root: שני (sh-n-y); Form: Preposition + noun, dual; Translation: “Of two”; Notes: Indicates the two ends of the mercy seat.
- קְצֹ֥ות (ketsot) – Root: קצה (k-ts-ʿ); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Ends”; Notes: Refers to the two ends of the mercy seat, where the cherubim were placed.
- הַכַּפֹּֽרֶת (hakkapporet) – Root: כפר (k-f-r); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Mercy seat”; Notes: The lid of the Ark of the Covenant, symbolizing God’s atonement.