Exodus 38:1

וַיַּ֛עַשׂ אֶת־מִזְבַּ֥ח הָעֹלָ֖ה עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים חָמֵשׁ֩ אַמֹּ֨ות אָרְכֹּ֜ו וְחָֽמֵשׁ־אַמֹּ֤ות רָחְבֹּו֙ רָב֔וּעַ וְשָׁלֹ֥שׁ אַמֹּ֖ות קֹמָתֹֽו׃

And he made the altar of burnt offering of acacia wood: five cubits was its length, and five cubits its width, square; and three cubits its height.

Morphology

1. וַיַּ֛עַשׂ (vayyaʿas) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past tense), 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he made”; Notes: Indicates a completed action within the narrative.
2. אֶת־מִזְבַּ֥ח (et-mizbeaḥ) – Root: זבח (z-b-ḥ); Form: Direct object marker + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “The altar”; Notes: Refers to the altar specifically for burnt offerings.
3. הָעֹלָ֖ה (haʿolah) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “Of burnt offering”; Notes: Denotes offerings that are wholly consumed by fire.
4. עֲצֵ֣י (ʿatse) – Root: עץ (ʿ-ts); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Of acacia wood”; Notes: Refers to the specific type of wood used in the construction.
5. חָמֵשׁ֩ (ḥamesh) – Root: חמש (ḥ-m-sh); Form: Numeral, feminine singular; Translation: “Five”; Notes: Indicates the dimensions of the altar.
6. אַמֹּ֨ות (ammot) – Root: אמה (ʾ-m-h); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “Cubits”; Notes: A standard biblical unit of measurement.
7. אָרְכֹּ֜ו (orko) – Root: ארך (ʾ-r-k); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Its length”; Notes: Refers to the measurement of the altar’s length.
8. וְחָֽמֵשׁ־אַמֹּ֤ות (veḥamesh-ammot) – Root: חמש (ḥ-m-sh); Form: Conjunction + numeral + noun, feminine plural; Translation: “And five cubits”; Notes: Specifies the width of the altar.
9. רָחְבֹּ֙ו (roḥbo) – Root: רחב (r-ḥ-b); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Its width”; Notes: Describes the measurement of the altar’s width.
10. רָב֔וּעַ (ravuaʿ) – Root: רבע (r-b-ʿ); Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Square”; Notes: Indicates the shape of the altar.
11. וְשָׁלֹ֥שׁ (veshalosh) – Root: שלש (sh-l-sh); Form: Conjunction + numeral, feminine singular; Translation: “And three”; Notes: Refers to the height dimension of the altar.
12. אַמֹּ֖ות (ammot) – Root: אמה (ʾ-m-h); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “Cubits”; Notes: Measurement unit used for the height.
13. קֹמָתֹֽו (qomato) – Root: קומה (q-w-m-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Its height”; Notes: Final dimension of the altar.