Exodus 38:2

וַיַּ֣עַשׂ קַרְנֹתָ֗יו עַ֚ל אַרְבַּ֣ע פִּנֹּתָ֔יו מִמֶּ֖נּוּ הָי֣וּ קַרְנֹתָ֑יו וַיְצַ֥ף אֹתֹ֖ו נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃

And he made its horns on its four corners; its horns were of it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

Morphology

1. וַיַּ֣עַשׂ (vayyaʿas) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past tense), 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he made”; Notes: Describes the act of creating the horns.
2. קַרְנֹתָ֗יו (qarnotav) – Root: קרן (q-r-n); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Its horns”; Notes: Refers to the protrusions on the altar’s corners.
3. עַ֚ל (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition; Translation: “On”; Notes: Indicates the location of the horns.
4. אַרְבַּ֣ע (arbaʿ) – Root: ארבע (ʾ-r-b-ʿ); Form: Numeral, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Four”; Notes: Specifies the number of corners.
5. פִּנֹּתָ֔יו (pinnotav) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Its corners”; Notes: Refers to the altar’s four edges.
6. מִמֶּ֖נּוּ (mimmennu) – Root: מן (m-n); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Of it”; Notes: Indicates that the horns were part of the altar itself.
7. הָי֣וּ (hayu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “They were”; Notes: Describes the state of the horns as integral to the altar.
8. וַיְצַ֥ף (vayyetsaf) – Root: צפה (ts-p-h); Form: Verb, Piel wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he overlaid”; Notes: Refers to covering the altar with bronze.
9. אֹתֹ֖ו (oto) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “It”; Notes: Indicates that the altar was the object of the overlaying.
10. נְחֹֽשֶׁת (neḥoshet) – Root: נחשת (n-ḥ-sh-t); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Bronze”; Notes: The material used to cover the altar.