וזהב הארץ ההוא טוב שם הבדלח ואבן השהם׃
Gen 2:12 [Samaritan]
וזהב הארץ ההיא טוב מאד שם הבדלח ואבן השהם׃
And the gold of that land is very good; there is also bdellium and the onyx stone.
Gen 2:12 [Masoretic]
וּֽזֲהַב הָאָרֶץ הַהִוא טֹוב שָׁם הַבְּדֹלַח וְאֶבֶן הַשֹּֽׁהַם׃
And the gold of that land is good; there is also bdellium and the onyx stone.
Gen 2:12 [Targum Onkelos]
וְדַהְבָא דְּאַרְעָא הַהִיא טָב תַּמָּן בְּדֻלְחָא וְאַבְנֵי בוּרְלָא:
And the gold of that land is good; there is also bdellium and beryll stone.
Gen 2:12 [Samaritan Targum]
ודהב ארעה ההיא טב שריר תמן פנקלה וכיף שהמה:
And the gold of that land is good; there is also bdellium and the onyx stone.
Gen 2:12 [Peshitta]
ܘܕܗܒܗܿ ܕܐܪܥܐ ܗܿܝ ܛܒ܂ ܬܡܢ ܒܪ̈ܘܠܚܐ ܘܟܐ̈ܦܐ ܕܒܪܘܠܐ܂
And the gold of that land is good; there is also bdellium and beryll stone.
Gen 2:12 [Septuagint]
τὸ δὲ χρυσίον τῆς γῆς ἐκείνης καλόν· καὶ ἐκεῖ ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθραξ καὶ ὁ λίθος ὁ πράσινος.
and the gold of that land is good; and there is also carbuncle and green stone.
Gen 2:12 [Old Latin (Vetus Latina)]
Aurum autem terrae illius bonum ; et ibi est carbunculus, et lapis prasinus.
And gold in that land is good; there is carbuncle, and green stone.
* Carbuncle is an archaic name given to any red cabochon cut gemstone.
Gen 2:12 [Vulgate]
Et aurum terrae illius optimum est ibi invenitur bdellium, et lapis onychinus.
And the gold of that land is the best; there is also bdellium and the onyx stone.
* v.l. ibi = ibique
וּֽזֲהַ֛ב הָאָ֥רֶץ הַהִ֖וא טֹ֑וב שָׁ֥ם הַבְּדֹ֖לַח וְאֶ֥בֶן הַשֹּֽׁהַם׃
And the gold of that land is good; there is bdellium and the onyx stone.
Morphology
- וּֽזֲהַ֛ב (ūzāhav) – Root: זהב (z-h-b); Form: Conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “And the gold”; Notes: Connects the previous clause with a description of the land.
- הָאָ֥רֶץ (hāʾāreṣ) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the region of Ḥavilah.
- הַהִ֖וא (hahīʾ) – Root: הוא (h-w-ʾ); Form: Pronoun, feminine singular demonstrative; Translation: “that”; Notes: Identifies the specific land.
- טֹ֑וב (ṭōv) – Root: טוב (ṭ-w-b); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “is good”; Notes: Qualifies the gold of the land.
- שָׁ֥ם (šām) – Root: שם (š-m); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Indicates location within the land.
- הַבְּדֹ֖לַח (habbəḏōlaḥ) – Root: בדלח (b-d-l-ḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the bdellium”; Notes: A precious resin or substance found there.
- וְאֶ֥בֶן (wəʾeḇen) – Root: אבן (ʾ-b-n); Form: Conjunction with noun, feminine singular; Translation: “and the stone”; Notes: Connects bdellium with another notable material.
- הַשֹּֽׁהַם (haššōham) – Root: שהם (š-h-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the onyx”; Notes: A precious stone present in the land.
Critical Apparatus :
De Rossi Gen 2:12