Genesis 42:6

וְיֹוסֵ֗ף ה֚וּא הַשַּׁלִּ֣יט עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ ה֥וּא הַמַּשְׁבִּ֖יר לְכָל־עַ֣ם הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ֙ אֲחֵ֣י יֹוסֵ֔ף וַיִּשְׁתַּֽחֲווּ־לֹ֥ו אַפַּ֖יִם אָֽרְצָה׃

And Yosef was the ruler over the land; he was the one who sold grain to all the people of the land. And Yosef’s brothers came and bowed down to him, with their faces to the ground.

 

Morphology

  1. וְיֹוסֵ֗ף (veYosef) – Root: יֹוסֵף (Yosef); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “And Yosef”; Notes: Refers to Yosef, the main subject of the clause.
  2. ה֚וּא (hu) – Root: הוּא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “was”; Notes: Acts as a copula in this context.
  3. הַשַּׁלִּ֣יט (hashallit) – Root: שָׁלַט (shalat); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “the ruler”; Notes: Refers to Yosef’s authority over the land.
  4. עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ (al-haaretz) – Root: אֶרֶץ (eretz); Form: Noun, fs with preposition and definite article; Translation: “over the land”; Notes: Indicates the region Yosef rules.
  5. ה֥וּא (hu) – Root: הוּא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “he”; Notes: Reiterates Yosef as the subject.
  6. הַמַּשְׁבִּ֖יר (hamashbir) – Root: שָׁבַר (shavar); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “the one who sold grain”; Notes: Describes Yosef’s role in distributing food.
  7. לְכָל־עַ֣ם (le’chol-am) – Root: עַם (am); Form: Noun, ms construct with preposition; Translation: “to all the people of”; Notes: Indicates the recipients of the grain.
  8. הָאָ֑רֶץ (haaretz) – Root: אֶרֶץ (eretz); Form: Noun, fs with definite article; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Specifies the region under Yosef’s control.
  9. וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ֙ (vayavo’u) – Root: בּוֹא (bo); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “And they came”; Notes: Indicates the arrival of Yosef’s brothers.
  10. אֲחֵ֣י (achei) – Root: אָח (ach); Form: Noun, mp construct; Translation: “the brothers of”; Notes: Indicates Yosef’s brothers as the subject.
  11. יֹוסֵ֔ף (Yosef) – Root: יֹוסֵף (Yosef); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Yosef”; Notes: Specifies the relation to Yosef.
  12. וַיִּשְׁתַּֽחֲווּ־לֹ֥ו (vayishtachavu-lo) – Root: חָוָה (chava); Form: Verb, Hishtafel, Consecutive Imperfect, 3mp + pronominal suffix; Translation: “and they bowed down to him”; Notes: Describes the brothers’ gesture of respect toward Yosef.
  13. אַפַּ֖יִם (appayim) – Root: אַף (af); Form: Dual noun; Translation: “with their faces”; Notes: Indicates the posture in bowing.
  14. אָֽרְצָה (artza) – Root: אֶרֶץ (eretz); Form: Noun, fs with directional ending; Translation: “to the ground”; Notes: Specifies the direction of their bowing.

 

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