וַיִּתֹּ֣ם הַכֶּ֗סֶף מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֮ וּמֵאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַעַן֒ וַיָּבֹאוּ֩ כָל־מִצְרַ֨יִם אֶל־יֹוסֵ֤ף לֵאמֹר֙ הָֽבָה־לָּ֣נוּ לֶ֔חֶם וְלָ֥מָּה נָמ֖וּת נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ כִּ֥י אָפֵ֖ס כָּֽסֶף׃
And the silver was depleted from the land of Miṣrayim and from the land of Kena’an, and all Miṣrayim came to Yosef, saying, “Give us bread! Why should we die before you? For the silver is gone.”
Morphology
- וַיִּתֹּ֣ם (vayyittom) – Root: תם (tam); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And it was depleted”; Notes: Refers to the exhaustion of silver.
- הַכֶּ֗סֶף (ha-kesef) – Root: כסף (kesef); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the silver”; Notes: Specifies the monetary resource.
- מֵאֶ֣רֶץ (me-eretz) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “from the land of”; Notes: Indicates source.
- מִצְרַיִם֮ (Miṣrayim) – Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Miṣrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- וּמֵאֶ֣רֶץ (u-me-eretz) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “and from the land of”; Notes: Adds the land of Kena’an to the context.
- כְּנַעַן֒ (Kena’an) – Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Kena’an”; Notes: Refers to the region of Canaan.
- וַיָּבֹאוּ֩ (vayyavo’u) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “and they came”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptians coming to Yosef.
- כָל־מִצְרַ֨יִם (kol-Miṣrayim) – Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “all of Miṣrayim”; Notes: Specifies the people of Egypt.
- אֶל־יֹוסֵ֤ף (el-Yosef) – Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to Yosef”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of their plea.
- לֵאמֹר֙ (le’emor) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces their statement.
- הָֽבָה־לָּ֣נוּ (havah-lanu) – Root: יהב (yahav); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms with 1cp suffix; Translation: “Give to us”; Notes: A direct request for bread.
- לֶ֔חֶם (lechem) – Root: לחם (lechem); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “bread”; Notes: Refers to food or sustenance.
- וְלָ֥מָּה (ve-lamah) – Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “and why”; Notes: Introduces the rhetorical question.
- נָמ֖וּת (namut) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 1cp; Translation: “should we die”; Notes: Expresses their desperation.
- נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ (negdekha) – Root: נגד (neged); Form: Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “before you”; Notes: Refers to Yosef as their authority.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Indicates the reason for their plea.
- אָפֵ֖ס (afes) – Root: אפס (afes); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “is gone”; Notes: Describes the complete depletion of silver.
- כָּֽסֶף׃ (kesef) – Root: כסף (kesef); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “silver”; Notes: Refers to the monetary resource.