גֹּ֥רֶן וָיֶ֖קֶב לֹ֣א יִרְעֵ֑ם וְתִירֹ֖ושׁ יְכַ֥חֶשׁ בָּֽהּ׃
The threshing floor and the winepress shall not feed them, and the new wine shall fail her.
Morphology
- גֹּרֶן (goren) – Root: גרן (goren); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “threshing floor”; Notes: Refers to a place for processing grain; symbolizes agricultural prosperity and divine blessing, which will now cease.
- וָיֶקֶב (va-yeqev) – Root: יקב (yeqev); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the winepress”; Notes: Represents the production of wine — a parallel image of abundance now turning to scarcity.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “shall not”; Notes: Denotes divine negation — prosperity will be withdrawn as judgment.
- יִרְעֵם (yirʿem) – Root: רעה (raʿah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix 3mp; Translation: “feed them”; Notes: Indicates sustenance — the agricultural yield will no longer nourish the people of Yisraʾel.
- וְתִירֹושׁ (ve-tirosh) – Root: תירושׁ (tirosh); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and new wine”; Notes: Symbol of joy and blessing — here it becomes a sign of loss and emptiness.
- יְכַחֶשׁ (yekhaḥesh) – Root: כחשׁ (khaḥash); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall fail” or “shall deceive”; Notes: Implies disappointment — the expected produce will betray or fail to appear.
- בָּהּ (bah) – Root: ב (bet); Form: Preposition בְּ + suffix 3fs; Translation: “her” or “in her”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel, personified as a woman — the nation will experience agricultural and spiritual barrenness.