אֲשֶׁ֨ר הַמִּתְבָּרֵ֜ךְ בָּאָ֗רֶץ יִתְבָּרֵךְ֙ בֵּאלֹהֵ֣י אָמֵ֔ן וְהַנִּשְׁבָּ֣ע בָּאָ֔רֶץ יִשָּׁבַ֖ע בֵּאלֹהֵ֣י אָמֵ֑ן כִּ֣י נִשְׁכְּח֗וּ הַצָּרֹות֙ הָרִ֣אשֹׁנֹ֔ות וְכִ֥י נִסְתְּר֖וּ מֵעֵינָֽי׃
He who blesses himself in the land shall bless himself by the God of Amen, and he who swears in the land shall swear by the God of Amen, because the former troubles are forgotten, and because they are hidden from my eyes.
Morphology
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative particle; Translation: “He who” or “the one who”; Notes: Introduces a conditional or relative clause.
- הַמִּתְבָּרֵ֜ךְ (ha-mitbarekh) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Hitpael participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “who blesses himself”; Notes: Reflexive verb form, indicating one who seeks blessing for himself.
- בָּאָ֗רֶץ (ba-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yisraʾel.
- יִתְבָּרֵךְ֙ (yitbarekh) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall bless himself”; Notes: Reflexive future action.
- בֵּאלֹהֵ֣י (be-Elohei) – Root: אלהים (Elohim); Form: Preposition + construct noun masculine plural; Translation: “by the God of”; Notes: Used to indicate source or authority.
- אָמֵ֔ן (Amen) – Root: אמן (ʾaman); Form: Noun; Translation: “Amen” or “truth/faithfulness”; Notes: Here personified as a divine epithet: “God of Amen.”
- וְהַנִּשְׁבָּ֣ע (ve-ha-nishbaʿ) – Root: שׁבע (shavaʿ); Form: Nifal participle masculine singular with conjunction and definite article; Translation: “and he who swears”; Notes: Passive-reflexive form used for oath-taking.
- יִשָּׁבַ֖ע (yishavaʿ) – Root: שׁבע (shavaʿ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall swear”; Notes: Continues the legal/religious expression under divine authority.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the transformation described above.
- נִשְׁכְּח֗וּ (nishkeḥu) – Root: שׁכח (shakhaḥ); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they are forgotten”; Notes: Passive form indicating completed erasure from memory.
- הַצָּרֹות֙ (ha-tzarot) – Root: צרה (tzarah); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the troubles”; Notes: Refers to past afflictions or calamities.
- הָרִ֣אשֹׁנֹות (ha-rishonot) – Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Adjective feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “former”; Notes: Qualifies “troubles” as the past ones now surpassed.
- וְכִ֥י (ve-ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and because”; Notes: Further supports the cause for the new blessing/oath.
- נִסְתְּר֖וּ (nisteru) – Root: סתר (satar); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they are hidden”; Notes: Passive form, indicates removal from sight or awareness.
- מֵעֵינָֽי (me-ʿeinai) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “from my eyes”; Notes: Speaks from YHWH’s perspective—he no longer regards those former troubles.