כֹּ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִמָּצֵ֤א הַתִּירֹושׁ֙ בָּֽאֶשְׁכֹּ֔ול וְאָמַר֙ אַל־תַּשְׁחִיתֵ֔הוּ כִּ֥י בְרָכָ֖ה בֹּ֑ו כֵּ֤ן אֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ לְמַ֣עַן עֲבָדַ֔י לְבִלְתִּ֖י הַֽשְׁחִ֥ית הַכֹּֽל׃
Thus says YHWH: “As the new wine is found in the cluster, and one says, ‘Do not destroy it, for a blessing is in it,’ so will I do for the sake of my servants, not to destroy everything.
Morphology
- כֹּ֣ה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Thus”; Notes: Introduces a prophetic declaration.
- אָמַ֣ר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Introduces divine speech.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: היה (haya); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal name of Israel’s God.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Preposition + relative particle; Translation: “As when”; Notes: Introduces a simile or conditional comparison.
- יִמָּצֵ֤א (yimmatse) – Root: מצא (matsa); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “is found”; Notes: Passive-reflexive form, describing discovery.
- הַתִּירֹושׁ (ha-tirosh) – Root: תירוש (tirosh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the new wine”; Notes: Symbolic of abundance or spiritual vitality.
- בָּֽאֶשְׁכֹּ֔ול (ba-ʾeshkol) – Root: אשׁכול (ʾeshkol); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the cluster”; Notes: Refers to a cluster of grapes, metaphor for a remnant.
- וְאָמַר (veʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and one says”; Notes: Generic speech introducing the next phrase.
- אַל־תַּשְׁחִיתֵ֔הוּ (ʾal-tashḥitehu) – Root: שׁחת (shakhat); Form: Negative particle + Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Do not destroy it”; Notes: A plea to preserve what still has value.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for preservation.
- בְרָכָ֖ה (verakhah) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a blessing”; Notes: Represents divine favor or something worth saving.
- בֹּ֑ו (bo) – Root: בו (bo); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in it”; Notes: Refers to the cluster containing blessing.
- כֵּ֤ן (ken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Signals application of the analogy to YHWH’s action.
- אֶֽעֱשֶׂה (eʿeseh) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will do”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s active response.
- לְמַ֣עַן (lemaʿan) – Root: מען (maʿan); Form: Preposition; Translation: “for the sake of”; Notes: Introduces the purpose clause.
- עֲבָדַ֔י (ʿavaday) – Root: עבד (ʿeved); Form: Noun masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my servants”; Notes: Refers to the faithful remnant of YHWH’s people.
- לְבִלְתִּ֖י (levilti) – Root: בלתי (vilti); Form: Preposition expressing negation of purpose; Translation: “so as not”; Notes: Used with an infinitive to express negative intent.
- הַֽשְׁחִ֥ית (hashḥit) – Root: שׁחת (shakhat); Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “to destroy”; Notes: Continuation of the negative purpose clause.
- הַכֹּֽל (ha-kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “everything”; Notes: Emphasizes that not all will be destroyed—some will be spared for the sake of the righteous.