כִּ֤י בָאֵשׁ֙ יְהוָ֣ה נִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּבְחַרְבֹּ֖ו אֶת־כָּל־בָּשָׂ֑ר וְרַבּ֖וּ חַֽלְלֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
For by fire YHWH will execute judgment, and by His sword upon all flesh; and the slain of YHWH shall be many.
Morphology
- כִּ֤י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason or basis for the previous statement.
- בָאֵשׁ֙ (va-ʾesh) – Root: אשׁ; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “by fire”; Notes: Indicates the instrument or means of judgment.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: היה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of Israel’s God.
- נִשְׁפָּ֔ט (nishpat) – Root: שׁפט; Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will execute judgment”; Notes: Passive/reflexive verb expressing divine legal action.
- וּבְחַרְבֹּ֖ו (u-ve-ḥarbbo) – Root: חרב; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and by His sword”; Notes: Another instrument of divine judgment alongside fire.
- אֶת־כָּל־בָּשָׂ֑ר (et-kol-basar) – Root: בשר; Form: Accusative marker + noun “all” + noun masculine singular; Translation: “upon all flesh”; Notes: Refers to all humanity, emphasizing universal scope.
- וְרַבּ֖וּ (ve-rabu) – Root: רבב; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-conjunctive; Translation: “and they shall be many”; Notes: Indicates a large number, here of slain individuals.
- חַֽלְלֵ֥י (ḥallelei) – Root: חלל; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the slain of”; Notes: Refers to those killed in divine judgment.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: היה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis, as the one responsible for the judgment.