כִּ֣י לֹ֣א מוּעָף֮ לַאֲשֶׁ֣ר מוּצָ֣ק לָהּ֒ כָּעֵ֣ת הָרִאשֹׁ֗ון הֵקַ֞ל אַ֤רְצָה זְבֻלוּן֙ וְאַ֣רְצָה נַפְתָּלִ֔י וְהָאַחֲרֹ֖ון הִכְבִּ֑יד דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַיָּם֙ עֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן גְּלִ֖יל הַגֹּויִֽם׃
For there is no gloom for her who was in anguish. In former time He treated lightly the land of Zevulun and the land of Naftali, but in the latter time He has made it glorious—the way of the sea, beyond the Yarden, Galil of the nations.
Morphology
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason or explanation that follows.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “no” or “not”; Notes: Negates the following term.
- מוּעָף (muʿaf) – Root: עוף (ʿuf); Form: Pual participle masculine singular; Translation: “gloom” or “dimness”; Notes: A noun-form from the verb “to fly/darken”; conveys obscurity, gloom.
- לַאֲשֶׁ֣ר (la-ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Preposition + relative pronoun; Translation: “for her who”; Notes: Refers to the region or people afflicted.
- מוּצָ֣ק (mutsaq) – Root: יצק (yatsaq); Form: Pual participle masculine singular; Translation: “was in anguish” or “was oppressed”; Notes: Describes one being pressed down or distressed.
- לָהּ (lah) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to her”; Notes: Refers to the afflicted region (Zevulun and Naftali).
- כָּעֵ֣ת (ka-ʿet) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “as the time”; Notes: Introduces a temporal comparison.
- הָרִאשֹׁ֗ון (ha-rishon) – Root: ראשׁ (roʾsh); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the former”; Notes: Refers to earlier history or judgment.
- הֵקַ֞ל (heiqal) – Root: קלל (qalal); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He treated lightly” or “diminished”; Notes: Implies prior judgment or humiliation.
- אַרְצָה זְבֻלוּן (ʾartsa Zevulun) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets), זבולון (Zevulun); Form: Noun feminine singular in construct + proper noun; Translation: “the land of Zevulun”; Notes: Region in northern Yisraʾel.
- וְאַרְצָה נַפְתָּלִי (ve-ʾartsa Naftali) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets), נפתלי (Naftali); Form: Conjunction + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “and the land of Naftali”; Notes: Northern territory, later part of Galil.
- וְהָאַחֲרֹ֖ון (ve-ha-aḥaron) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Conjunction + definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “but the latter”; Notes: Refers to a later time, contrasted with former humiliation.
- הִכְבִּ֑יד (hikbid) – Root: כבד (kavad); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He made glorious” or “He honored”; Notes: In this context, may carry positive sense (made weighty, esteemed).
- דֶּרֶךְ הַיָּם (derekh ha-yam) – Root: דרך (derekh), ים (yam); Form: Construct noun + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the way of the sea”; Notes: Likely refers to a trade route along the Sea of Galil.
- עֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן (ʿever ha-yarden) – Root: עבר (ʿavar), ירדן (Yarden); Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “beyond the Yarden”; Notes: Region east of the Jordan River.
- גְּלִיל הַגֹּויִם (Gelil ha-goyim) – Root: גלל (galal), גוי (goy); Form: Construct noun + definite plural noun; Translation: “Galil of the nations”; Notes: Refers to Galilee, inhabited or influenced by Gentile nations.