בִּימֵ֞י שַׁמְגַּ֤ר בֶּן־עֲנָת֙ בִּימֵ֣י יָעֵ֔ל חָדְל֖וּ אֳרָחֹ֑ות וְהֹלְכֵ֣י נְתִיבֹ֔ות יֵלְכ֕וּ אֳרָחֹ֖ות עֲקַלְקַלֹּֽות׃
In the days of Shamgar son of ʿAnat, in the days of Yaʿel, the highways ceased, and travelers of paths walked on winding roads.
Morphology
- בִּימֵ֞י (bi-yemei) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “In the days of”; Notes: Indicates a specific time period.
- שַׁמְגַּ֤ר (Shamgar) – Root: שׁמגר (Shamgar); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shamgar”; Notes: A judge of Yisraʾel.
- בֶּן־עֲנָת֙ (ben-ʿAnat) – Root: בן (ben), ענת (ʿAnat); Form: Construct noun with proper noun; Translation: “son of ʿAnat”; Notes: Indicates lineage.
- בִּימֵ֣י (bi-yemei) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “In the days of”; Notes: Repetition for parallel structure.
- יָעֵ֔ל (Yaʿel) – Root: יעל (Yaʿel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yaʿel”; Notes: A woman known for slaying Sisera.
- חָדְל֖וּ (ḥadlu) – Root: חדל (ḥadal); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “ceased”; Notes: Describes the stopping of normal travel.
- אֳרָחֹ֑ות (orakhot) – Root: ארח (orakh); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “highways”; Notes: Major roads for travel.
- וְהֹלְכֵ֣י (ve-hol’khei) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal active participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “and travelers of”; Notes: Describes those who travel.
- נְתִיבֹ֔ות (netivot) – Root: נתיב (nativ); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “paths”; Notes: Smaller roads compared to highways.
- יֵלְכ֕וּ (yel’khu) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “walked”; Notes: Refers to a change in travel behavior.
- אֳרָחֹ֖ות (orakhot) – Root: ארח (orakh); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “roads”; Notes: Second mention for emphasis.
- עֲקַלְקַלֹּֽות׃ (ʿakalkalot) – Root: עקל (ʿaqal); Form: Adjective, feminine plural; Translation: “winding”; Notes: Describes difficult or indirect paths.