בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַ֠תְּשִׁעִית לְצִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂרִ֗י בָּ֠א נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֤ל וְכָל־חֵילֹו֙ אֶל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃ ס
In the ninth year of Tsidqiyyahu king of Yehuda, in the tenth month, came Nevukhadretstsar king of Bavel and all his army against Yerushalayim, and they laid siege against her.
Morphology
- בַּשָּׁנָה (ba-shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the year”; Notes: Sets the chronological framework for the event.
- הַתְּשִׁעִית (ha-teshiʿit) – Root: תשע (teshaʿ); Form: Definite ordinal adjective feminine singular; Translation: “the ninth”; Notes: Refers to the ninth year of the king’s reign.
- לְצִדְקִיָּהוּ (le-Tsidqiyahu) – Root: צדק (tsedeq); Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun; Translation: “of Tsidqiyahu”; Notes: Refers to King Tsidqiyahu of Yehudah.
- מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה (melekh-Yehudah) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Construct chain: noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Title of Tsidqiyahu.
- בַּחֹדֶשׁ (ba-ḥodesh) – Root: חדשׁ (ḥodesh); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the month”; Notes: Introduces the month reference.
- הָעֲשִׂירִי (ha-ʿasiri) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Definite ordinal adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the tenth”; Notes: Specifies the tenth month.
- בָּא (baʾ) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “came”; Notes: Marks the action initiating the siege.
- נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר (Nevukhadretstsar) – Root: Akkadian origin; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Nebukadretstsar”; Notes: King of Bavel, invader of Yerushalayim.
- מֶלֶךְ־בָּבֶל (melekh-Bavel) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Construct chain: noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “king of Bavel”; Notes: Title of Nebukadretstsar.
- וְכָל־חֵילֹו (ve-khol-ḥeilo) – Root: חיל (ḥayil); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and all his army”; Notes: Emphasizes the totality of the Babylonian military force.
- אֶל־יְרוּשָׁלִַם (el-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים (Yerushalayim); Form: Preposition אֶל + proper noun; Translation: “to Yerushalayim”; Notes: Marks the target city of the campaign.
- וַיָּצֻרוּ (va-yatsuru) – Root: צור (tsur); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they laid siege”; Notes: Describes the military action of surrounding the city.
- עָלֶיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against her”; Notes: Refers to Yerushalayim as the object of siege.