הַשְׁכִּירֻ֕הוּ כִּ֥י עַל־יְהוָ֖ה הִגְדִּ֑יל וְסָפַ֤ק מֹואָב֙ בְּקִיאֹ֔ו וְהָיָ֥ה לִשְׂחֹ֖ק גַּם־הֽוּא׃
“Make him drunk, for he has magnified himself against YHWH, and Moʾav shall clap in his vomit and he also shall be for laughter.
Morphology
- הַשְׁכִּירֻהוּ (hashkiruhu) – Root: שׁכר; Form: Hifil imperative 2nd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Make him drunk”; Notes: Strong command to bring Moʾav to humiliation, expressed through the imagery of intoxication.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Gives the reason for the previous imperative.
- עַל־ (ʿal-) – Root: —; Form: Preposition with maqaf; Translation: “against”; Notes: Marks opposition toward YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה/יהוה; Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of Israel’s God, the one against whom Moʾav exalted himself.
- הִגְדִּיל (higdil) – Root: גדל; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has magnified himself”; Notes: Hifil denotes causative sense—Moʾav exalted or made himself great against YHWH.
- וְסָפַק (ve-safaq) – Root: ספק; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and he shall clap”; Notes: Refers to striking or clapping hands, often an action of derision or grief.
- מֹואָב (Moʾav) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun, nation/people; Translation: “Moʾav”; Notes: Here the subject of the verb, portrayed in shameful imagery.
- בְּקִיאֹו (be-qiʾo) – Root: קיא; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular absolute + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his vomit”; Notes: Graphic image of disgrace; suffix refers back to Moʾav.
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect (wayyiqtol used as future) 3rd person masculine singular with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and he shall be”; Notes: Sequential clause marking the outcome of Moʾav’s humiliation.
- לִשְׂחֹק (li-sḥoq) – Root: שׂחק; Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular infinitive/abstract; Translation: “for laughter”; Notes: Indicates the result: Moʾav becomes an object of ridicule.
- גַּם (gam) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Adds emphasis, showing Moʾav shares the fate of others mocked.
- הוּא (hu) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Refers back to Moʾav, stressing his humiliation.