וְעָבַ֣ר עַצְמֹ֗ונָה וְיָצָא֙ נַ֣חַל מִצְרַ֔יִם וְהָיָה תֹּצְאֹ֥ות הַגְּב֖וּל יָ֑מָּה זֶה־יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֥וּל נֶֽגֶב׃
And it passed through ʿAtsmona and went out to the brook of Mitsrayim, and the border’s limits were at the sea; this shall be your southern border.
Morphology
- וְעָבַ֣ר (ve-ʿavar) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it passed through”; Notes: Indicates movement across a location.
- עַצְמֹ֗ונָה (Atsmonah) – Root: עצמון (Atsmon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Atsmonah”; Notes: Name of a place.
- וְיָצָא֙ (ve-yatsa) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it went out”; Notes: Describes continuation of movement.
- נַ֣חַל (naḥal) – Root: נחל (naḥal); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “wadi”; Notes: Refers to a seasonal river or stream.
- מִצְרַ֔יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Indicates a state or outcome.
- תֹּצְאֹ֥ות (totse’ot) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct; Translation: “limits”; Notes: Refers to boundaries.
- הַגְּב֖וּל (ha-gevul) – Root: גבול (gevul); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the border”; Notes: Specifies territorial limits.
- יָ֑מָּה (yamah) – Root: ים (yam); Form: Adverbial direction; Translation: “to the sea”; Notes: Indicates direction toward a body of water.
- זֶה־יִהְיֶ֥ה (zeh-yiheyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Demonstrative pronoun with Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “This shall be”; Notes: Defines the designated border.
- לָכֶ֖ם (lachem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Indicates the intended recipients.
- גְּב֥וּל (gevul) – Root: גבול (gevul); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “border”; Notes: Refers to territorial boundaries.
- נֶֽגֶב׃ (Negev) – Root: נגב (Negev); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “south”; Notes: Defines the direction of the border.