בֶּן־שְׁמֹנֶ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ בְמָלְכֹ֔ו וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וְאַחַת֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמֹּ֔ו יְדִידָ֥ה בַת־עֲדָ֖יָה מִבָּצְקַֽת׃
Yoshiyyahu was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned thirty-one years in Yerushalayim. And the name of his mother was Yedida, daughter of ʿAdaya, from Botsqat.
Morphology
- בֶּן־שְׁמֹנֶ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ (ben-shemoneh shanah) – Root: בן (ben), שמונה (shemoneh), שנה (shanah); Form: Construct phrase with numeral + noun; Translation: “eight years old”; Notes: Standard Hebrew expression for age.
- יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ (Yoshiyahu) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Yoshiyahu”; Notes: Name of the king of Yehudah.
- בְמָלְכֹ֔ו (be-mal’kho) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he began to reign”; Notes: Refers to his accession to kingship.
- וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וְאַחַת֙ שָׁנָ֔ה (u-sheloshim ve-aḥat shanah) – Root: שלש (shalosh), אחד (eḥad), שנה (shanah); Form: Coordinated numerals + noun; Translation: “thirty-one years”; Notes: Total duration of his reign.
- מָלַ֖ךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he reigned”; Notes: Marks actual time on the throne.
- בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלם (Yerushalayim); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital city of the kingdom of Yehudah.
- וְשֵׁ֣ם (ve-shem) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the name”; Notes: Introduces genealogical detail.
- אִמֹּ֔ו (immo) – Root: אם (ʾem); Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his mother”; Notes: Maternal lineage often listed for kings.
- יְדִידָ֥ה (Yedidah) – Root: ידד (yadad); Form: Proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “Yedidah”; Notes: Name meaning “beloved.”
- בַת־עֲדָיָ֖ה (bat-ʿAdayah) – Root: בת (bat), עדיה (ʿAdayah); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of ʿAdayah”; Notes: Typical patronymic formula.
- מִבָּצְקַֽת (mi-Botsqat) – Root: בצקת (Botsqat); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from Botsqat”; Notes: Geographic origin of Yedidah.