גַּ֤ם כִּֽי־אֵלֵ֨ךְ בְּגֵ֪יא צַלְמָ֡וֶת לֹא־אִ֘ירָ֤א רָ֗ע כִּי־אַתָּ֥ה עִמָּדִ֑י שִׁבְטְךָ֥ וּ֝מִשְׁעַנְתֶּ֗ךָ הֵ֣מָּה יְנַֽחֲמֻֽנִי׃
Even though I walk in a valley of deep darkness, I shall not fear evil, for You are with me. Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | גַּם | gam | “even” | Particle |
| 2 | כִּי־ | ki | “though / when” | Conjunction |
| 3 | אֵלֵךְ | ʾelekh | “I walk” | Qal yiqtol 1cs |
| 4 | בְּגֵיא | be-geʾ | “in a valley of” | Prep בְ + N(ms) construct |
| 5 | צַלְמָוֶת | tsalmavet | “deep darkness” | N(ms) |
| 6 | לֹא־ | lo | “not” | Negative particle |
| 7 | אִירָא | ʾira | “I fear” | Qal yiqtol 1cs |
| 8 | רָע | raʿ | “evil” | N(ms) |
| 9 | כִּי־ | ki | “for” | Conjunction |
| 10 | אַתָּה | attah | “You” | Pronoun 2ms |
| 11 | עִמָּדִי | ʿimmadi | “with me” | Prep עִם + suff 1cs |
| 12 | שִׁבְטְךָ | shivtekha | “Your rod” | N(ms)+suff 2ms |
| 13 | וּמִשְׁעַנְתֶּךָ | u-mishʿantekha | “and Your staff” | Conj וְ + N(fs)+suff 2ms |
| 14 | הֵמָּה | hemmah | “they” | Pronoun 3mp |
| 15 | יְנַחֲמֻנִי | yenaḥamuni | “they comfort me” | Piel yiqtol 3mp + suff 1cs |
Morphology
- גַּם (gam) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Adverbial particle; Translation: “even”; Notes: Introduces an intensified circumstance.
- כִּי־ (ki) – Root: כי; Root Type: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “though / when”; Notes: Introduces a conditional or concessive clause.
- אֵלֵךְ (ʾelekh) – Root: הלך; Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect (yiqtol) 1cs; Translation: “I walk”; Notes: Describes movement or journey.
- בְּגֵיא (be-geʾ) – Root: גיא; Root Type: III-Aleph (weak); Form: Preposition בְ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “in a valley of”; Notes: A ravine or valley.
- צַלְמָוֶת (tsalmavet) – Root: צלם / מות debated compound; Root Type: Complex form; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “deep darkness”; Notes: Idiom describing extreme gloom or mortal danger.
- לֹא־ (lo) – Root: לא; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- אִירָא (ʾira) – Root: ירא; Root Type: III-Aleph (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect (yiqtol) 1cs; Translation: “I fear”; Notes: Expresses absence of fear.
- רָע (raʿ) – Root: רעע; Root Type: III-Guttural; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Refers to harm or danger.
- כִּי־ (ki) – Root: כי; Root Type: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces explanation.
- אַתָּה (attah) – Root: —; Root Type: Pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun 2ms; Translation: “You”; Notes: Direct address to God.
- עִמָּדִי (ʿimmadi) – Root: עם; Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Preposition עִם + suffix 1cs; Translation: “with me”; Notes: Indicates companionship or presence.
- שִׁבְטְךָ (shivtekha) – Root: שבט; Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 2ms; Translation: “Your rod”; Notes: Shepherd’s rod used for protection.
- וּמִשְׁעַנְתֶּךָ (u-mishʿantekha) – Root: שען; Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular + suffix 2ms; Translation: “and Your staff”; Notes: Shepherd’s support staff.
- הֵמָּה (hemmah) – Root: —; Root Type: Pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun 3mp; Translation: “they”; Notes: Refers to rod and staff.
- יְנַחֲמֻנִי (yenaḥamuni) – Root: נחם; Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Piel; Form: Imperfect (yiqtol) 3mp + suffix 1cs; Translation: “they comfort me”; Notes: The instruments of the shepherd bring reassurance and comfort.