Joshua 18:18

וְעָבַ֛ר אֶל־כֶּ֥תֶף מוּל־הָֽעֲרָבָ֖ה צָפֹ֑ונָה וְיָרַ֖ד הָעֲרָבָֽתָה׃

And it passed to the shoulder opposite the ʿArava northward, and it descended to the ʿArava.

Morphology

1. וְעָבַ֛ר (ve-ʿavar) – Root: עבר (ʿbr); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it passed”; Notes: Describes the movement of the boundary.
2. אֶל־כֶּ֥תֶף (el-ketef) – Root: כתף (ktp); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “to the shoulder”; Notes: Refers to the side or slope of a geographical feature.
3. מוּל־הָֽעֲרָבָ֖ה (mul-ha-ʿAravah) – Root: מול (mwl) + ערבה (ʿrbh); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “opposite the ʿAravah”; Notes: Describes the boundary location relative to the ʿAravah region.
4. צָפֹ֑ונָה (tsafonah) – Root: צפון (ṣfn); Form: Adverb; Translation: “northward”; Notes: Indicates the direction of movement.
5. וְיָרַ֖ד (ve-yarad) – Root: ירד (yrd); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it descended”; Notes: Indicates a downward geographical movement.
6. הָעֲרָבָֽתָה (ha-ʿAravatah) – Root: ערבה (ʿrbh); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “to the ʿAravah”; Notes: A well-known valley or desert region.