וַיְהִ֣י כִשְׁמֹ֣עַ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֱמֹרִ֡י אֲשֶׁר֩ בְּעֵ֨בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ן יָ֗מָּה וְכָל־מַלְכֵ֤י הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַיָּ֔ם אֵ֠ת אֲשֶׁר־הֹובִ֨ישׁ יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־מֵ֧י הַיַּרְדֵּ֛ן מִפְּנֵ֥י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַד־עברנו וַיִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבָ֗ם וְלֹא־הָ֨יָה בָ֥ם עֹוד֙ ר֔וּחַ מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ס
And it happened, when all the kings of the Emori who were beyond the Yarden to the west, and all the kings of the Kenaʿani who were by the sea, heard that YHWH had dried up the waters of the Yarden before the children of Yisraʾel until we had crossed over, their hearts melted, and there was no more spirit in them because of the children of Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֣י (vayǝhī) – Root: הָיָה (to be); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it happened”.
- כִשְׁמֹ֣עַ (kišmōaʿ) – Root: שָׁמַע (to hear); Form: Qal infinitive construct with prefix; Translation: “when hearing” or “when they heard”.
- כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י (kol-malḵê) – Root: מֶלֶךְ (king); Form: Masculine plural construct; Translation: “all the kings of”.
- הָאֱמֹרִ֡י (hāʾĕmōrī) – Root: אֱמוֹרִי (Amorite); Form: Masculine plural definite; Translation: “the Amorites”.
- אֲשֶׁר֩ (ʾăšer) – Root: אֲשֶׁר (which, that); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who, that”.
- בְּעֵ֨בֶר (bǝʿēver) – Root: עֵבֶר (beyond, across); Form: Masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “beyond, across”.
- הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ן (hayyarden) – Root: יַרְדֵּן (Yarden); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the Yarden”.
- יָ֗מָּה (yāmmāh) – Root: יָם (sea); Form: Directional suffix; Translation: “to the west” (toward the sea).
- וְכָל־מַלְכֵ֤י (vǝkhol-malḵê) – Root: מֶלֶךְ (king); Form: Masculine plural construct with conjunction; Translation: “and all the kings of”.
- הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ (hakkǝnaʿanī) – Root: כְּנַעֲנִי (Kenaʿani); Form: Masculine plural definite; Translation: “the Kenaʿani”.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾăšer) – Root: אֲשֶׁר (which, that); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who, that”.
- עַל־הַיָּ֔ם (ʿal-hayyām) – Root: יָם (sea); Form: Masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “by the sea”.
- אֵ֠ת (ʾēt) – Root: אֵת (direct object marker); Form: Particle; Translation: (no direct translation).
- אֲשֶׁר־הֹובִ֨ישׁ (ʾăšer-hōvīš) – Root: יָבֵשׁ (to dry up); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “had dried up”.
- יְהוָ֜ה (yhwh) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”.
- אֶת־מֵ֧י (ʾet-mê) – Root: מַיִם (water); Form: Masculine plural construct; Translation: “the waters of”.
- הַיַּרְדֵּ֛ן (hayyarden) – Root: יַרְדֵּן (Yarden); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the Yarden”.
- מִפְּנֵ֥י (mippǝnê) – Root: פָּנִים (face, presence); Form: Masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “before, from the presence of”.
- בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (bǝnê-yisraʾēl) – Root: בֵּן (son); Form: Masculine plural construct; Translation: “the children of Yisraʾel”.
- עַד־עברנו (ʿad-ʿavarnu) – Root: עָבַר (to cross over); Form: Qal perfect 1st person plural; Translation: “until we had crossed over”.
- וַיִּמַּ֣ס (vayyimmas) – Root: מָסַס (to melt); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it melted”.
- לְבָבָ֗ם (lǝvāvām) – Root: לֵב (heart); Form: Masculine singular with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “their heart”.
- וְלֹא־הָ֨יָה (vǝlō-hāyāh) – Root: הָיָה (to be); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with negative; Translation: “and there was not”.
- בָ֥ם (bām) – Root: בּוֹ (in, among them); Form: Preposition with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “in them”.
- עֹוד֙ (ʿōd) – Root: עוֹד (again, more); Form: Adverb; Translation: “more, again”.
- ר֔וּחַ (rûaḥ) – Root: רוּחַ (spirit, breath); Form: Feminine singular; Translation: “spirit, courage”.
- מִפְּנֵ֖י (mippǝnê) – Root: פָּנִים (face, presence); Form: Masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “before, because of”.
- בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (bǝnê-yisraʾēl) – Root: בֵּן (son); Form: Masculine plural construct; Translation: “the children of Yisraʾel”.