וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֤ה אֶל־יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ֙ אַל־תִּירָ֣א וְאַל־תֵּחָ֔ת קַ֣ח עִמְּךָ֗ אֵ֚ת כָּל־עַ֣ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְק֖וּם עֲלֵ֣ה הָעָ֑י רְאֵ֣ה נָתַ֣תִּי בְיָדְךָ֗ אֶת־מֶ֤לֶךְ הָעַי֙ וְאֶת־עַמֹּ֔ו וְאֶת־עִירֹ֖ו וְאֶת־אַרְצֹֽו׃
And YHWH said to Yehoshua, “Do not fear nor be dismayed; take with you all the people of war and arise, go up to ʿAi; see, I have given into your hand the king of ʿAi and his people and his city and his land.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking.
- יְהוָ֤ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hwh); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֶל־יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ֙ (el-Yehoshua) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Preposition + proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to Yehoshua”; Notes: Directs the speech to Joshua.
- אַל־תִּירָ֣א (ʾal-tira) – Root: ירא (yaraʾ); Form: Qal imperfect jussive 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “do not fear”; Notes: Prohibition with negative particle.
- וְאַל־תֵּחָ֔ת (ve-ʾal-teḥat) – Root: חתת (ḥatat); Form: Nifal imperfect jussive 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “nor be dismayed”; Notes: Reflexive/passive form.
- קַ֣ח (qaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “take”; Notes: Direct command.
- עִמְּךָ֗ (ʿimmekha) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Denotes accompaniment.
- אֵ֚ת (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “[the]”; Notes: Marks the object of the verb.
- כָּל־עַ֣ם (kol-ʿam) – Root: כל (kol) + עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: Collective noun indicating entirety.
- הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה (ha-milḥamah) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “of war”; Notes: Refers to those prepared for battle.
- וְק֖וּם (ve-qum) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and arise”; Notes: Command to initiate action.
- עֲלֵ֣ה (ʿaleh) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “go up”; Notes: Denotes upward movement.
- הָעָ֑י (ha-ʿay) – Root: עי (ʿay); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Haʿay”; Notes: Name of the city.
- רְאֵ֣ה (reʾeh) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “see”; Notes: Command to observe.
- נָתַ֣תִּי (natatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have given”; Notes: Refers to a completed divine action.
- בְיָדְךָ֗ (beyadekha) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition and 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “into your hand”; Notes: Indicates possession or control.
- אֶת־מֶ֤לֶךְ (ʾet-melekh) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the king of”; Notes: Refers to the ruler.
- הָעַי֙ (ha-ʿay) – Root: עי (ʿay); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Haʿay”; Notes: City under siege.
- וְאֶת־עַמֹּ֔ו (ve-et ʿammo) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his people”; Notes: Subjects of the king.
- וְאֶת־עִירֹ֖ו (ve-et ʿiro) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his city”; Notes: Refers to Haʿay.
- וְאֶת־אַרְצֹֽו׃ (ve-et artso) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his land”; Notes: Territory under the king’s rule.