כְּאֶזְרָ֣ח מִכֶּם֩ יִהְיֶ֨ה לָכֶ֜ם הַגֵּ֣ר הַגָּ֣ר אִתְּכֶ֗ם וְאָהַבְתָּ֥ לֹו֙ כָּמֹ֔וךָ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
The sojourner who dwells with you shall be to you as a native among you, and you shall love him as yourself, for you were sojourners in the land of Mitsrayim. I am YHWH your God.
Morphology
- כְּאֶזְרָ֣ח (ke-ezrach) – Root: זרח (z-r-ḥ); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “As a native”; Notes: Refers to a full citizen or native inhabitant.
- מִכֶּם֩ (mikem) – Root: מן (m-n); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “From among you”; Notes: Indicates inclusion in the community.
- יִהְיֶ֨ה (yihyeh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall be”; Notes: Declares the status of the sojourner.
- לָכֶ֜ם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Indicates possession or belonging.
- הַגֵּ֣ר (ha-ger) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Definite article + noun masculine singular; Translation: “The sojourner”; Notes: Refers to a non-native resident.
- הַגָּ֣ר (ha-gar) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Definite article + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Who dwells”; Notes: Describes the sojourner’s action.
- אִתְּכֶ֗ם (ittekhem) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “With you”; Notes: Indicates the sojourner’s integration.
- וְאָהַבְתָּ֥ (ve-ahavta) – Root: אהב (ʾ-h-v); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “And you shall love”; Notes: Command to show affection and care.
- לֹו֙ (lo) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Him”; Notes: Refers to the sojourner.
- כָּמֹ֔וךָ (kamokha) – Root: כמ (k-m); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “As yourself”; Notes: Command for equitable treatment.
- כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים (ki-gerim) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural; Translation: “For you were sojourners”; Notes: Establishes the rationale for empathy.
- הֱיִיתֶ֖ם (heyitem) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You were”; Notes: Refers to past experience in Mitsrayim.
- בְּאֶ֣רֶץ (be-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “In the land”; Notes: Specifies the location.
- מִצְרָ֑יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- אֲנִ֖י (ani) – Root: אנ (ʾ-n); Form: Pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- יְהוָ֥ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The sacred name of God.
- אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם (Eloheikhem) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Your God”; Notes: Declares YHWH as the God of Israel.