לִבְנֵ֣י אָשֵׁ֔ר תֹּולְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא׃
For the sons of Asher: their generations by their families, by their fathers’ houses, according to the number of names, from twenty years old and upward, all who could go out to the army.
Morphology
- לִבְנֵ֣י (li-vnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine plural construct noun with preposition; Translation: “For the sons of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Asher.
- אָשֵׁ֔ר (Asher) – Root: אשר (‘-sh-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Asher”; Notes: Refers to the tribe of Asher, meaning “Happy” or “Blessed.”
- תֹּולְדֹתָ֥ם (toldotam) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their generations”; Notes: Refers to the genealogical records of Asher’s descendants.
- לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם (le-mishpeḥotam) – Root: משפחה (m-sh-p-ḥ); Form: Feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and preposition; Translation: “By their families”; Notes: Refers to family groupings.
- לְבֵ֣ית (le-veit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Masculine singular construct noun with preposition; Translation: “By the house of”; Notes: Refers to ancestral lineage.
- אֲבֹתָ֑ם (avotam) – Root: אב (‘-v); Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their fathers”; Notes: Refers to their paternal lineage.
- בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר (be-mispar) – Root: מספר (m-s-p-r); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “According to the number”; Notes: Refers to the enumeration process.
- שֵׁמֹ֗ות (shemot) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Masculine plural noun; Translation: “Of names”; Notes: Refers to the individuals recorded in the census.
- מִבֶּ֨ן (mi-ben) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “From the age of”; Notes: Indicates the minimum age for inclusion.
- עֶשְׂרִ֤ים (esrim) – Root: עשר (‘-s-r); Form: Masculine plural cardinal number; Translation: “Twenty”; Notes: Specifies the starting age.
- שָׁנָה֙ (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “Years”; Notes: Refers to years of age.
- וָמַ֔עְלָה (u-ma’lah) – Root: מעל (m-ʿ-l); Form: Conjunction + noun; Translation: “And upward”; Notes: Includes ages above twenty years.
- כֹּ֖ל (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun; Translation: “All”; Notes: Refers to inclusivity.
- יֹצֵ֥א (yotse) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Going out”; Notes: Refers to those eligible for military service.
- צָבָֽא׃ (tsava) – Root: צבא (ts-v-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “The army”; Notes: Refers to the military forces of Yisra’el.