וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְשָׁא֔וּל כִּי־בָ֥א דָוִ֖ד קְעִילָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֗וּל נִכַּ֨ר אֹתֹ֤ו אֱלֹהִים֙ בְּיָדִ֔י כִּ֚י נִסְגַּ֣ר לָבֹ֔וא בְּעִ֖יר דְּלָתַ֥יִם וּבְרִֽיחַ׃
And it was told to Shaʾul that Dawid had come to Qeʿila, and Shaʾul said, “God has delivered him into my hand, for he has been shut in by entering a city with gates and bars.”
Morphology
- וַיֻּגַּ֣ד (vayuggad) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Hofal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it was told”; Notes: Passive voice indicating a report was given.
- לְשָׁא֔וּל (le-Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to Shaʾul”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the report.
- כִּי־בָ֥א (ki-va) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that had come”; Notes: The conjunction introduces indirect speech.
- דָוִ֖ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.
- קְעִילָ֑ה (Qeʿilah) – Root: קעילה (Qeʿilah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Qeʿilah”; Notes: A city in Yehudah.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Marks direct speech.
- שָׁא֗וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to King Shaʾul.
- נִכַּ֨ר (nikkar) – Root: נכר (nakar); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has been delivered”; Notes: Passive voice.
- אֹתֹ֤ו (oto) – Root: את (ʾot); Form: Direct object pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- אֱלֹהִים֙ (Elohim) – Root: אלהים (ʾElohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural (used singularly); Translation: “Elohim”; Notes: Refers to God.
- בְּיָדִ֔י (beyadi) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition + noun (feminine singular construct) + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “into my hand”; Notes: Idiom for being delivered into power.
- כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces a reason.
- נִסְגַּ֣ר (nisgar) – Root: סגר (sagar); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has been shut in”; Notes: Passive construction.
- לָבֹ֔וא (lavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “by entering”; Notes: Expresses manner.
- בְּעִ֖יר (beʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a city”; Notes: Refers to Qeʿilah.
- דְּלָתַ֥יִם (delatayim) – Root: דלת (delet); Form: Dual noun; Translation: “gates”; Notes: Indicates a fortified entrance.
- וּבְרִֽיחַ (u-veriaḥ) – Root: בריח (beriaḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and bars”; Notes: Reinforces the idea of being shut in.