וַיְשַׁמַּ֥ע שָׁא֛וּל אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֖ם לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה לָרֶ֣דֶת קְעִילָ֔ה לָצ֥וּר אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד וְאֶל־אֲנָשָֽׁיו׃
And Shaʾul summoned all the people to war, to go down to Qeʿila to besiege Dawid and his men.
Morphology
- וַיְשַׁמַּ֥ע (vayšammaʿ) – Root: שמע (šamaʿ); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he summoned”; Notes: Intensive form indicating an active summoning.
- שָׁא֛וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to King Shaʾul.
- אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֖ם (ʾet-kol-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Definite direct object, noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: Emphasizes the totality of the gathering.
- לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה (lammilḥamah) – Root: מלחמה (milḥamah); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “to war”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the summoning.
- לָרֶ֣דֶת (laredet) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to go down”; Notes: Expresses movement toward a lower location.
- קְעִילָ֔ה (Qeʿilah) – Root: קעילה (Qeʿilah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Qeʿilah”; Notes: A city in Yehudah.
- לָצ֥וּר (latsur) – Root: צור (tsur); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to besiege”; Notes: Indicates the intended military action.
- אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד (el-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “toward Dawid”; Notes: Indicates the target of the siege.
- וְאֶל־אֲנָשָֽׁיו (veʾel-ʾanashav) – Root: אנש (ʾenosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his men”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s followers.