וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁאוּל֩ לְנֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו שְׁלֹ֥ף חַרְבְּךָ֣ וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי בָ֗הּ פֶּן־֠יָבֹואוּ הָעֲרֵלִ֨ים הָאֵ֤לֶּה וּדְקָרֻ֨נִי֙ וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א מְאֹ֑ד וַיִּקַּ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ׃
And Shaʾul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and thrust me through with it, lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through and abuse me.” But his armor-bearer was not willing, for he was very afraid. And Shaʾul took the sword and fell upon it.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Shaʾul’s speech.
- שָׁאוּל֩ (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול; Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
- לְנֹשֵׂ֨א (le-nose) – Root: נשא; Form: Participle, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “to the bearer of”; Notes: Refers to the armor-bearer.
- כֵלָ֜יו (kelav) – Root: כלי; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his armor”; Notes: Indicates possession.
- שְׁלֹ֥ף (shelof) – Root: שלף; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Draw”; Notes: Command form.
- חַרְבְּךָ֣ (ḥarbeḵa) – Root: חרב; Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your sword”; Notes: Directs the action to the armor-bearer.
- וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי (ve-doqreni) – Root: דקר; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and thrust me through”; Notes: Request for death.
- בָ֗הּ (bah) – Root: בה; Form: Preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “with it”; Notes: Refers to the sword.
- פֶּן־֠יָבֹואוּ (pen-yavoʾu) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “lest they come”; Notes: Expresses fear.
- הָעֲרֵלִ֨ים (ha-ʿarelīm) – Root: ערל; Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “the uncircumcised”; Notes: Refers to the Pelishtim.
- הָאֵ֤לֶּה (ha-elleh) – Root: אלה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Emphasizes the Pelishtim.
- וּדְקָרֻ֨נִי֙ (u-deqaruni) – Root: דקר; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and they will thrust me through”; Notes: Indicates Shaʾul’s concern.
- וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י (ve-hitʿallelu-bi) – Root: עלל; Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and abuse me”; Notes: Expresses his fear of humiliation.
- וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ (ve-lo avah) – Root: אבה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “But he was not willing”; Notes: Indicates refusal.
- נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו (nose kelav) – Root: נשא, כלי; Form: Participle masculine singular construct with noun; Translation: “his armor-bearer”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א (ki yare) – Root: ירא; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “for he was afraid”; Notes: Explains his refusal.
- מְאֹ֑ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “very”; Notes: Emphasizes his fear.
- וַיִּקַּ֤ח (va-yiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he took”; Notes: Describes Shaʾul’s action.
- שָׁאוּל֙ (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול; Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
- אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב (et-ha-ḥerev) – Root: חרב; Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the sword”; Notes: The object of the verb.
- וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ׃ (va-yippol aleha) – Root: נפל; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “and fell upon it”; Notes: Describes Shaʾul’s suicide.