דְּע֣וּ אֵפֹ֗וא כִּי֩ לֹ֨א יִפֹּ֜ל מִדְּבַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אַ֔רְצָה אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה עַל־בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב וַיהוָ֣ה עָשָׂ֔ה אֵ֚ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֔ר בְּיַ֖ד עַבְדֹּ֥ו אֵלִיָּֽהוּ׃
Know therefore that there shall not fall to the ground any word of YHWH which YHWH has spoken concerning the house of Aḥʾav, and YHWH has done that which He spoke by the hand of His servant Eliyahu.
Morphology
- דְּע֣וּ (deʿu) – Root: ידע (y-d-ʿ); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Know”; Notes: Command to acknowledge or recognize a truth.
- אֵפֹ֗וא (eifo) – Root: Unclear; Form: Adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Functions as a logical connector, often emphatic in prophetic speech.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (k-i); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of the knowledge or statement.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (l-ʾ); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb “fall.”
- יִפֹּל (yippol) – Root: נפל (n-p-l); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall fall”; Notes: Used metaphorically of a word failing or being unfulfilled.
- מִדְּבַר (mi-dvar) – Root: דבר (d-v-r); Form: Preposition + construct noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the word of”; Notes: Indicates source or content of the declaration.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: –; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, referring to the God of Yisraʾel.
- אַרְצָה (ʾartzah) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Noun feminine singular with directional ה; Translation: “to the ground”; Notes: Locative ending implies fall to the earth, i.e., failure or neglect.
- אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּר (ʾasher-dibber) – Root: דבר (d-v-r); Form: Relative pronoun + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “which He spoke”; Notes: Refers to the prophecy concerning Aḥʾav’s house.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Form: Proper name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- עַל־בֵּית (ʿal-beit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Preposition + construct noun masculine singular; Translation: “concerning the house of”; Notes: Refers to the dynasty of Aḥʾav.
- אַחְאָב (Aḥʾav) – Root: אחאב (ʾ-ḥ-ʾ-v); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Aḥʾav”; Notes: King of Yisraʾel, whose house was condemned by prophecy.
- וַיהוָה (va-YHWH) – Form: Conjunction + proper name; Translation: “And YHWH”; Notes: Emphasizes subject performing the action.
- עָשָׂה (ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has done”; Notes: Indicates fulfillment of divine word.
- אֵת (et) – Form: Definite direct object marker; Translation: –; Notes: Introduces the object of “has done.”
- אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר (ʾasher dibber) – Root: דבר (d-v-r); Form: Relative pronoun + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that He spoke”; Notes: Echoes earlier clause for confirmation.
- בְּיַד (be-yad) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the hand of”; Notes: Common idiom for agency or instrumentality.
- עַבְדּוֹ (ʿavdo) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His servant”; Notes: Refers to the prophetic agent.
- אֵלִיָּהוּ (ʾEliyahu) – Root: אליהו (ʾ-ʾ-l-y-h-u); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Eliyahu”; Notes: The prophet through whom the judgment was spoken.