וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ דָּוִ֛ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ ס וְשִׁמְעִ֡י הֹלֵךְ֩ בְּצֵ֨לַע הָהָ֜ר לְעֻמָּתֹ֗ו הָלֹוךְ֙ וַיְקַלֵּ֔ל וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙ לְעֻמָּתֹ֔ו וְעִפַּ֖ר בֶּעָפָֽר׃ פ
And Dawid and his men went on the way. Now Shimeʿi was going along the side of the hill opposite him, going along and cursing, and throwing stones opposite him, and flinging dust into the air.
Morphology
- וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ (vayyelekh) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “And he went”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- דָּוִ֛ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו (va-anashav) – Root: איש; Form: Conjunction + noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and his men”; Notes: Accompanying Dawid.
- בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ (ba-darekh) – Root: דרך; Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “on the way”; Notes: Describes the route.
- וְשִׁמְעִ֡י (ve-Shimʿi) – Root: שמעי; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and Shimʿi”; Notes: Introduces new subject.
- הֹלֵךְ֩ (holekh) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “was going”; Notes: Continuous action.
- בְּצֵ֨לַע (be-tzelaʿ) – Root: צלע; Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “along the side”; Notes: Describes location on the slope.
- הָהָ֜ר (ha-har) – Root: הר; Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “of the hill”; Notes: Completes prepositional phrase.
- לְעֻמָּתֹ֗ו (le-ummato) – Root: עמת; Form: Preposition + noun with 3ms suffix; Translation: “opposite him”; Notes: Spatial relation to Dawid.
- הָלֹוךְ֙ (halokh) – Root: הלך; Form: Infinitive absolute; Translation: “going along”; Notes: Repetitive/continuous action for emphasis.
- וַיְקַלֵּ֔ל (vayekallel) – Root: קלל; Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he cursed”; Notes: Repeated cursing.
- וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל (vayesakkel) – Root: סקל; Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he was throwing [stones]”; Notes: Violent action accompanying the cursing.
- בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙ (ba-ʾavanim) – Root: אבן; Form: Preposition + definite noun, feminine plural; Translation: “with the stones”; Notes: Instrumental preposition.
- לְעֻמָּתֹ֔ו (le-ummato) – Root: עמת; Form: Preposition + noun + 3ms suffix; Translation: “toward him / opposite him”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- וְעִפַּ֖ר (ve-ʿippar) – Root: עפר; Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he was flinging [dust]”; Notes: Violent or humiliating gesture.
- בֶּעָפָֽר (be-ʿafar) – Root: עפר; Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “in the dust”; Notes: Manner of action.