וַיֹּ֨סֶף֙ אַף־יְהוָ֔ה לַחֲרֹ֖ות בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּ֨סֶת אֶת־דָּוִ֤ד בָּהֶם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֵ֛ךְ מְנֵ֥ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְאֶת־יְהוּדָֽה׃
And again the anger of YHWH was kindled against Yisraʾel, and He incited Dawid against them, saying, “Go, number Yisraʾel and Yehuda.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּסֶף (vayyosef) – Root: יסף; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect), 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He added” / “And again”; Notes: Introduces a repeated or additional action.
- אַף (af) – Root: אף; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “anger”; Notes: Often denotes divine wrath, frequently used with YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: –; Form: Proper noun, masculine; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- לַחֲרֹות (laḥarot) – Root: חרה; Form: Infinitive construct with prefixed lamed; Translation: “to be kindled” / “to burn”; Notes: Describes the expression of anger, often of divine origin.
- בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל (be-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel collectively.
- וַיָּסֶת (vayyaset) – Root: סות; Form: Hifil wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He incited”; Notes: Indicates causing someone to act, sometimes with negative connotation like provoking or tempting.
- אֶת־דָּוִד (et-Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: The king of Yisraʾel.
- בָּהֶם (bahem) – Root: הם; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural pronoun; Translation: “against them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- לֵאמֹר (lemor) – Root: אמר; Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- לֵךְ (lekh) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Go”; Notes: Command directed to Dawid.
- מְנֵה (meneh) – Root: מנה; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “number”; Notes: Command to take a census.
- אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל (et-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The northern kingdom or collective nation.
- וְאֶת־יְהוּדָה (ve-et-Yehudah) – Root: יהודה; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “and Yehudah”; Notes: Southern kingdom or tribe distinguished from Yisraʾel.