וַיִּֽהְי֛וּ כָּל־פְּקוּדֵ֥י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כָּל־יֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
And all those numbered of the sons of Yisra’el, by their fathers’ houses, from twenty years old and upward, all who could go out to the army in Yisra’el.
Morphology
- וַיִּֽהְי֛וּ (vayihyu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive; Translation: “And they were”; Notes: Marks the continuation of a narrative clause.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun in construct; Translation: “All”; Notes: Refers to the entirety of those numbered.
- פְּקוּדֵ֥י (pequdei) – Root: פקד (p-q-d); Form: Masculine plural construct noun; Translation: “The numbered ones of”; Notes: Refers to those counted in the census.
- בְנֵֽי־ (bnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine plural construct noun; Translation: “The sons of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (y-s-r-ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
- לְבֵ֣ית (le-veit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Masculine singular construct noun with preposition; Translation: “By the house of”; Notes: Refers to tribal divisions by family house.
- אֲבֹתָ֑ם (avotam) – Root: אב (‘-v); Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their fathers”; Notes: Refers to their paternal lineage.
- מִבֶּ֨ן (mi-ben) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “From the age of”; Notes: Indicates the minimum age for inclusion.
- עֶשְׂרִ֤ים (esrim) – Root: עשר (‘-s-r); Form: Masculine plural cardinal number; Translation: “Twenty”; Notes: Specifies the starting age.
- שָׁנָה֙ (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “Years”; Notes: Refers to years of age.
- וָמַ֔עְלָה (u-ma’lah) – Root: מעל (m-ʿ-l); Form: Conjunction + noun; Translation: “And upward”; Notes: Includes ages above twenty years.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun in construct; Translation: “All”; Notes: Refers to inclusivity.
- יֹצֵ֥א (yotse) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Going out”; Notes: Refers to those eligible for military service.
- צָבָ֖א (tsava) – Root: צבא (ts-v-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Army”; Notes: Refers to the military forces of Yisra’el.
- בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (be-Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (y-s-r-ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “In Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the context of the census in Israel.