לָנֻ֨ס שָׁ֜מָּה רֹוצֵ֗חַ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִרְצַ֤ח אֶת־רֵעֵ֨הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א לֹ֖ו מִתְּמֹ֣ול שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ום וְנָ֗ס אֶל־אַחַ֛ת מִן־הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖ל וָחָֽי׃
So that a manslayer might flee there—one who kills his neighbor unintentionally, without prior hatred—he may flee to one of these cities and live.
Morphology
- לָנֻ֨ס (la-nus) – Root: נוס (nus); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to flee”; Notes: Indicates seeking refuge.
- שָׁ֜מָּה (shamah) – Root: שם (sham); Form: Adverb with directional suffix; Translation: “there”; Notes: Specifies the place of refuge.
- רֹוצֵ֗חַ (rotzeach) – Root: רצח (ratzach); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “a manslayer”; Notes: Refers to one who kills unintentionally.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- יִרְצַ֤ח (yirtzach) – Root: רצח (ratzach); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “kills”; Notes: Refers to the act of killing.
- אֶת־רֵעֵ֨הוּ֙ (et-reʿehu) – Root: רעה (rea); Form: Direct object marker with noun, masculine singular construct and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his neighbor”; Notes: Refers to a fellow person.
- בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת (bi-vli-daʿat) – Root: בלי (bli) + ידע (yada); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine singular; Translation: “unintentionally”; Notes: Indicates lack of intent.
- וְה֛וּא (ve-hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Conjunction with pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he”; Notes: Refers to the manslayer.
- לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א (lo-sone) – Root: שנא (sane); Form: Negative particle with Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “does not hate”; Notes: Indicates absence of animosity.
- לֹ֖ו (lo) – Root: לו (lo); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to the neighbor.
- מִתְּמֹ֣ול (mi-temol) – Root: תמול (temol); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “from yesterday”; Notes: Refers to past time.
- שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ום (shilshom) – Root: שלשום (shilshom); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “or the day before”; Notes: Indicates further past time.
- וְנָ֗ס (ve-nas) – Root: נוס (nus); Form: Conjunction with Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he may flee”; Notes: Describes the action of seeking refuge.
- אֶל־אַחַ֛ת (el-achat) – Root: אחד (ʾechad); Form: Preposition with numeral, feminine singular; Translation: “to one”; Notes: Refers to one of the cities.
- מִן־הֶעָרִ֥ים (min-he-ʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Preposition with definite article and noun, feminine plural; Translation: “of the cities”; Notes: Specifies the designated cities of refuge.
- הָאֵ֖ל (ha-el) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Definite article with pronoun; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the specific cities.
- וָחָֽי (va-ḥai) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Conjunction with Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and live”; Notes: Indicates preservation of life.