לֹ֣א בְצִדְקָתְךָ֗ וּבְיֹ֨שֶׁר֙ לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ אַתָּ֥ה בָ֖א לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־אַרְצָ֑ם כִּ֞י בְּרִשְׁעַ֣ת הַגֹּויִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ מֹורִישָׁ֣ם מִפָּנֶ֔יךָ וּלְמַ֜עַן הָקִ֣ים אֶת־הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֤ע יְהוָה֙ לַאֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם לְיִצְחָ֖ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹֽב׃
It is not because of your righteousness or the uprightness of your heart that you are coming to possess their land, but because of the wickedness of these nations YHWH your God is driving them out before you, and to establish the word that YHWH swore to your fathers, to Avraham, to Yitsḥaq, and to Yaʿaqov.
Morphology
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: Negative particle; Form: Independent word; Translation: “Not”; Notes: Negates the subsequent phrase.
- בְצִדְקָתְךָ֗ (b’tsidqatkha) – Root: צדק (tsedeq); Form: Preposition + noun (feminine singular construct) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “because of your righteousness”; Notes: Indicates the negated reason for possessing the land.
- וּבְיֹ֨שֶׁר֙ (u’v’yosher) – Root: ישר (yashar); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun (masculine singular); Translation: “and the uprightness”; Notes: Adds another characteristic negated as the reason.
- לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ (levavkha) – Root: לבב (levav); Form: Noun (masculine singular construct) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “of your heart”; Notes: Refers to internal moral quality.
- אַתָּ֥ה (atta) – Root: Personal pronoun; Form: 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the addressee.
- בָ֖א (ba) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal active participle masculine singular; Translation: “are coming”; Notes: Indicates the action of entering the land.
- לָרֶ֣שֶׁת (lareshet) – Root: ירש (yarash); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to possess”; Notes: Describes the purpose of entering the land.
- אֶת־אַרְצָ֑ם (et-artzam) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Direct object marker + noun (feminine singular construct) + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their land”; Notes: Refers to the land of the nations.
- כִּ֞י (ki) – Root: Conjunction; Form: Independent word; Translation: “but because”; Notes: Provides the reason for the action.
- בְּרִשְׁעַ֣ת (b’rish’at) – Root: רשע (rasha); Form: Preposition + noun (feminine singular construct); Translation: “because of the wickedness”; Notes: Specifies the negative behavior of the nations.
- הַגֹּויִ֣ם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Definite article + noun (masculine plural); Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of the land.
- הָאֵ֗לֶּה (ha’eleh) – Root: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: Masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Specifies the subject.
- יְהוָ֤ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenant God.
- אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ (Elohekha) – Root: אלה (eloh); Form: Noun (masculine singular construct) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Indicates the personal relationship with YHWH.
- מֹורִישָׁ֣ם (morisham) – Root: ירש (yarash); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “is driving them out”; Notes: Describes the causative action of YHWH.
- מִפָּנֶ֔יךָ (mipaneikha) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition + noun (masculine plural construct) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from before you”; Notes: Indicates displacement by divine intervention.
- וּלְמַ֜עַן (u’lema’an) – Root: מען (ma’an); Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “and to establish”; Notes: Introduces the second reason for the action.
- הָקִ֣ים (haqim) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to establish”; Notes: Refers to fulfilling the divine promise.
- אֶת־הַדָּבָ֗ר (et-hadavar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Direct object marker + noun (masculine singular); Translation: “the word”; Notes: Refers to the covenant promise.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: Relative pronoun; Form: Independent word; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the clause specifying the word.
- נִשְׁבַּ֤ע (nishba) – Root: שׁבע (shava); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “swore”; Notes: Refers to the covenant oath made by YHWH.
- יְהוָ֙ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenant God who swore the oath.
- לַאֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ (la’avotekha) – Root: אב (av); Form: Preposition + noun (masculine plural construct) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to your fathers”; Notes: Refers to the patriarchs of Israel (Avraham, Yitsḥaq, and Yaʿaqov).
- לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם (le’Avraham) – Root: אברהם (Avraham); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Avraham”; Notes: Refers to the first patriarch of Israel.
- לְיִצְחָ֖ק (le’Yitsḥaq) – Root: יצחק (Yitsḥaq); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Yitsḥaq”; Notes: Refers to the second patriarch of Israel.
- וּֽלְיַעֲקֹֽב (u’le’Yaʿaqov) – Root: יעקב (Yaʿaqov); Form: Conjunction + preposition + proper noun; Translation: “and to Yaʿaqov”; Notes: Refers to the third patriarch of Israel.