וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י ק֣וּם רֵ֤ד מַהֵר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה כִּ֚י שִׁחֵ֣ת עַמְּךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֹוצֵ֖אתָ מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם סָ֣רוּ מַהֵ֗ר מִן־הַדֶּ֨רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוִּיתִ֔ם עָשׂ֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם מַסֵּכָֽה׃
And YHWH said to me, ‘Arise, go down quickly from here, for your people whom you brought out of Mitsrayim have corrupted themselves. They have quickly turned aside from the way I commanded them; they have made for themselves a molten image.’
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: The vav-consecutive indicates a sequential narrative.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: היה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.
- אֵלַ֗י (elai) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates direction toward the speaker.
- ק֣וּם (qum) – Root: קום; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Arise”; Notes: A command directed to Moshe.
- רֵ֤ד (red) – Root: ירד; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Go down”; Notes: Sequential command following “Arise.”
- מַהֵר֙ (maher) – Root: מהר; Form: Adverb; Translation: “Quickly”; Notes: Modifies the imperative “Go down.”
- מִזֶּ֔ה (mi-zeh) – Root: זה; Form: Preposition + demonstrative masculine singular; Translation: “From here”; Notes: Specifies the origin of the action.
- כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the command.
- שִׁחֵ֣ת (shiḥet) – Root: שחת; Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Has corrupted”; Notes: Indicates a completed action of moral corruption.
- עַמְּךָ֔ (amkha) – Root: עם; Form: Noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Whom”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- הֹוצֵ֖אתָ (hotseita) – Root: יצא; Form: Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You brought out”; Notes: Indicates causation.
- מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם (mi-Mitsrayim) – Root: מצר; Form: Preposition + noun proper masculine singular; Translation: “From Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- סָ֣רוּ (saru) – Root: סור; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “They have turned aside”; Notes: Expresses completed action.
- מַהֵ֗ר (maher) – Root: מהר; Form: Adverb; Translation: “Quickly”; Notes: Emphasizes the speed of the action.
- מִן־הַדֶּ֨רֶךְ (min-ha-derekh) – Root: דרך; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “From the way”; Notes: Refers to the commanded path.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- צִוִּיתִ֔ם (tsivvitim) – Root: צוה; Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “I commanded them”; Notes: Indicates direct divine instruction.
- עָשׂ֥וּ (asu) – Root: עשה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “They have made”; Notes: Refers to the crafting of the image.
- לָהֶ֖ם (lahem) – Root: ל; Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “For themselves”; Notes: Indicates possession or purpose.
- מַסֵּכָֽה (masekhah) – Root: נסך; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “A molten image”; Notes: Refers to the idol made by the Israelites.