וַיְהִ֗י מִקֵּץ֙ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים יֹ֔ום וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים לָ֑יְלָה נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י אֶת־שְׁנֵ֛י לֻחֹ֥ת הָאֲבָנִ֖ים לֻחֹ֥ות הַבְּרִֽית׃
And it came to pass at the end of forty days and forty nights, YHWH gave me the two tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֗י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Indicates the beginning of a narrative event.
- מִקֵּץ֙ (miqqets) – Root: קצה (qatseh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “at the end of”; Notes: Specifies the duration.
- אַרְבָּעִ֣ים (arba’im) – Root: אַרבּע (arba); Form: Numeral masculine plural; Translation: “forty”; Notes: Indicates a significant period.
- יֹ֔ום (yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “days”; Notes: Paired with “forty” to describe the duration.
- וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים (v’arba’im) – Root: אַרבּע (arba); Form: Conjunction + numeral masculine plural; Translation: “and forty”; Notes: Continues the duration.
- לָ֑יְלָה (laylah) – Root: ליל (layil); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “nights”; Notes: Completes the time frame.
- נָתַ֨ן (natan) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He gave”; Notes: Refers to YHWH giving the tablets.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֵלַ֗י (elai) – Root: אל (el); Form: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates the recipient, Moses.
- אֶת־שְׁנֵ֛י (et-shenei) – Root: שׁנים (shnayim); Form: Definite direct object marker + numeral masculine dual; Translation: “the two”; Notes: Refers to the two tablets.
- לֻחֹ֥ת (luchot) – Root: לוח (luach); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “tablets”; Notes: The medium of the covenant.
- הָאֲבָנִ֖ים (ha’avanim) – Root: אבן (even); Form: Definite article + noun feminine plural; Translation: “of stone”; Notes: Describes the material of the tablets.
- לֻחֹ֥ות (luchot) – Root: לוח (luach); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the tablets of”; Notes: Clarifies the nature of the tablets.
- הַבְּרִֽית׃ (habberit) – Root: ברית (berit); Form: Definite article + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the covenant”; Notes: Refers to the covenant established between YHWH and Israel.