יָדֹ֨ועַ֙ תֵּֽדְע֔וּ כִּי֩ לֹ֨א יֹוסִ֜יף יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם לְהֹורִ֛ישׁ אֶת־הַגֹּויִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָי֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם לְפַ֣ח וּלְמֹוקֵ֗שׁ וּלְשֹׁטֵ֤ט בְּצִדֵּיכֶם֙ וְלִצְנִנִ֣ים בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֔ם עַד־אֲבָדְכֶ֗ם מֵ֠עַל הָאֲדָמָ֤ה הַטֹּובָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
Know for certain that YHWH your God will no longer drive out these nations from before you, and they shall be for you a trap and a snare, and a scourge in your sides and thorns in your eyes, until you perish from off this good land which YHWH your God has given you.
Morphology
- יָדֹ֨ועַ֙ תֵּֽדְע֔וּ (yadoaʿ tedaʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “Know for certain”; Notes: The infinitive absolute emphasizes certainty.
- כִּי֩ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a declarative clause.
- לֹ֨א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Expresses negation.
- יֹוסִ֜יף (yosif) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will no longer”; Notes: Indicates ceasing of action.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם (ʾEloheikhem) – Root: אלהים (ʾElohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Defines the divine entity.
- לְהֹורִ֛ישׁ (le-horish) – Root: ירש (yarash); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to drive out”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s past action.
- אֶת־הַגֹּויִ֥ם (ʾet-ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Direct object of the verb.
- הָאֵ֖לֶּה (ha-elleh) – Root: אלה (elleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Specifies the nations.
- מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם (mi-lifneikhem) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from before you”; Notes: Indicates direction.
- וְהָי֨וּ (ve-hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect consecutive 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shall be”; Notes: Future consequence.
- לָכֶ֜ם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Indicates effect on Israelites.
- לְפַ֣ח (le-faḥ) – Root: פח (paḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “a trap”; Notes: Symbol of danger.
- וּלְמֹוקֵ֗שׁ (u-le-moquesh) – Root: מוקש (moquesh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and a snare”; Notes: Symbol of entrapment.
- וּלְשֹׁטֵ֤ט (u-le-shoṭeṭ) – Root: שוט (shoṭ); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and a scourge”; Notes: Indicates suffering.
- בְּצִדֵּיכֶם֙ (be-tsiddeikhem) – Root: צד (tsad); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in your sides”; Notes: Metaphorical pain.
- וְלִצְנִנִ֣ים (ve-litsninim) – Root: צנין (tsanin); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “and thorns”; Notes: Symbol of irritation.
- בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֔ם (be-eineikhem) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun, feminine dual absolute with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in your eyes”; Notes: Symbol of blindness.
- עַד־אֲבָדְכֶ֗ם (ʿad-ʾavodkhem) – Root: אבד (ʾavad); Form: Qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “until you perish”; Notes: Shows ultimate consequence.
- הַטֹּובָה֙ (ha-tovah) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Adjective, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “good”; Notes: Describes the land.