וַיַּ֣רְא גִּדְעֹ֔ון כִּֽי־מַלְאַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה ה֑וּא ס וַיֹּ֣אמֶר גִּדְעֹ֗ון אֲהָהּ֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֤ן רָאִ֨יתִי֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה פָּנִ֖ים אֶל־פָּנִֽים׃
And Gideʿon perceived that he was the angel of YHWH, and Gideʿon said, “Alas, my Lord YHWH! For because I have seen the angel of YHWH face to face.”
Morphology
- וַיַּ֣רְא (va-yar) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he perceived”; Notes: Indicates realization.
- גִּדְעֹ֔ון (Gidʿon) – Root: גדע (gadaʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Gidʿon”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- כִּֽי־מַלְאַ֥ךְ (ki-malʾakh) – Root: מלאך (malʾakh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “that [he was] an angel”; Notes: Introduces realization.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- ה֑וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Refers to the angel of YHWH.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- גִּדְעֹ֗ון (Gidʿon) – Root: גדע (gadaʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Gidʿon”; Notes: Subject of the speech.
- אֲהָהּ֙ (ʾahah) – Root: אהה (ʾahah); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Alas!”; Notes: Expresses distress.
- אֲדֹנָ֣י (ʾAdonai) – Root: אדון (ʾadon); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my Lord”; Notes: Title of reverence.
- יְהוִ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֤ן (ki-ʿal-ken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “For because”; Notes: Introduces reason.
- רָאִ֨יתִי֙ (raʾiti) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have seen”; Notes: Past action with present impact.
- מַלְאַ֣ךְ (malʾakh) – Root: מלאך (malʾakh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the angel”; Notes: Refers to the divine messenger.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Identifies the angel’s divine origin.
- פָּנִ֖ים אֶל־פָּנִֽים (panim el-panim) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “face to face”; Notes: Expresses direct encounter.