וְאָבִ֨יו וְאִמֹּ֜ו לֹ֣א יָדְע֗וּ כִּ֤י מֵיְהוָה֙ הִ֔יא כִּי־תֹאֲנָ֥ה הֽוּא־מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ מִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וּבָעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔יא פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים מֹשְׁלִ֥ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ פ
But his father and his mother did not know that it was from YHWH, for he was seeking an occasion against the Pelishtim, for at that time the Pelishtim were ruling over Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- וְאָבִ֨יו (ve-aviv) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And his father”; Notes: The subject of the sentence.
- וְאִמֹּ֜ו (ve-immov) – Root: אם (ʾem); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his mother”; Notes: Additional subject.
- לֹ֣א יָדְע֗וּ (lo yadeʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “did not know”; Notes: Describes their ignorance.
- כִּ֤י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a reason.
- מֵיְהוָה֙ (me-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “from YHWH”; Notes: Indicates divine origin.
- הִ֔יא (hi) – Root: היא (hi); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it was”; Notes: Refers to the situation.
- כִּי־תֹאֲנָ֥ה (ki-toʾanah) – Root: תאן (taʾan); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “for an occasion”; Notes: Indicates a pretext.
- הֽוּא־מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ (hu-mevaqqesh) – Root: בקש (baqash); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “he was seeking”; Notes: Expresses intention.
- מִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (mi-Pelishtim) – Root: פלשׁת (Pelishet); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “against the Pelishtim”; Notes: Indicates the target.
- וּבָעֵ֣ת (u-vaʿet) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “and at the time”; Notes: Refers to the temporal aspect.
- הַהִ֔יא (ha-hi) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “that”; Notes: Refers to the specific time.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשׁת (Pelishet); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Subject of the following verb.
- מֹשְׁלִ֥ים (moshlim) – Root: משל (mashal); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “were ruling”; Notes: Describes their dominion.
- בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל (be-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “over Yisraʾel”; Notes: Object of their rule.