וַיְהִ֣י הַיֹּ֗ום וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יֹונָתָ֤ן בֶּן־שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֨עַר֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו לְכָ֗ה וְנַעְבְּרָה֙ אֶל־מַצַּ֣ב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַלָּ֑ז וּלְאָבִ֖יו לֹ֥א הִגִּֽיד׃
And it came to pass on that day, that Yonatan son of Shaʾul said to the young man who bore his armor, “Come, and let us cross over to the garrison of the Pelishtim that is on the other side.” But he did not tell his father.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֣י (vayhi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- הַיֹּ֗ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “on that day”; Notes: Indicates a specific time.
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- יֹונָתָ֤ן (Yonatan) – Root: יונתן (Yonatan); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Yonatan”; Notes: Refers to Shaʾul’s son.
- בֶּן־שָׁאוּל֙ (ben-Shaʾul) – Root: בן (ben), שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “son of Shaʾul”; Notes: Indicates lineage.
- אֶל־הַנַּ֨עַר֙ (el-ha-naʿar) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with preposition and definite article; Translation: “to the young man”; Notes: Refers to his attendant.
- נֹשֵׂ֣א (nose) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular absolute; Translation: “who bore”; Notes: Describes his role.
- כֵלָ֔יו (kelav) – Root: כלי (keli); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his armor”; Notes: Refers to weapons or equipment.
- לְכָ֗ה (lekha) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Come”; Notes: Direct command.
- וְנַעְבְּרָה֙ (ve-naʿberah) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal cohortative 1st person plural; Translation: “and let us cross over”; Notes: Expresses intention.
- אֶל־מַצַּ֣ב (el-matsav) – Root: נצב (natsav); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “to the garrison”; Notes: Refers to a military outpost.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתי (Pelishti); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- אֲשֶׁ֖ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- מֵעֵ֣בֶר (meʿever) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “on the other side”; Notes: Indicates direction.
- הַלָּ֑ז (ha-laz) – Root: הלז (halaz); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specific reference.
- וּלְאָבִ֖יו (u-le-ʾaviv) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and preposition; Translation: “to his father”; Notes: Refers to Shaʾul.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb.
- הִגִּֽיד׃ (higgid) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he told”; Notes: Causative action.