וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־יְהֹונָתָ֗ן הִֽנֵּה־חֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ מָחָ֔ר וְאָנֹכִ֛י יָשֹׁב־אֵשֵׁ֥ב עִם־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ לֶאֱכֹ֑ול וְשִׁלַּחְתַּ֨נִי֙ וְנִסְתַּרְתִּ֣י בַשָּׂדֶ֔ה עַ֖ד הָעֶ֥רֶב הַשְּׁלִשִֽׁית׃
And Dawid said to Yehonatan, “Behold, the new moon is tomorrow, and I should sit with the king to eat. But let me go, and I will hide in the field until the evening of the third day.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- דָּוִ֜ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the sentence.
- אֶל־יְהֹונָתָ֗ן (el-Yehonatan) – Root: יהונתן (Yehonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Yehonatan”; Notes: Recipient of speech.
- הִֽנֵּה־חֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ (hinneh-ḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥodesh); Form: Interjection + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Behold, the new moon”; Notes: Indicates an upcoming event.
- מָחָ֔ר (maḥar) – Root: מחר (maḥar); Form: Adverb; Translation: “tomorrow”; Notes: Specifies time.
- וְאָנֹכִ֛י (ve-anokhi) – Root: אנכי (anokhi); Form: Pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “And I”; Notes: Emphasizes subject.
- יָשֹׁב־אֵשֵׁ֥ב (yashov-eshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Imperfect 1st person singular, Qal + infinitive absolute; Translation: “should sit”; Notes: Expresses obligation.
- עִם־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ (ʿim-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “with the king”; Notes: Specifies company.
- לֶאֱכֹ֑ול (leʾekhol) – Root: אכל (ʾakhal); Form: Infinitive construct, Qal; Translation: “to eat”; Notes: Indicates purpose.
- וְשִׁלַּחְתַּ֨נִי֙ (ve-shillaḥtani) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Conjunctive vav + perfect 2nd person masculine singular, Piel + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “but let me go”; Notes: Request to be sent away.
- וְנִסְתַּרְתִּ֣י (ve-nistarti) – Root: סתר (satar); Form: Conjunctive vav + perfect 1st person singular, Nifal; Translation: “and I will hide”; Notes: Reflexive action.
- בַשָּׂדֶ֔ה (ba-sadeh) – Root: שדה (sadeh); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “in the field”; Notes: Indicates location.
- עַ֖ד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Marks duration.
- הָעֶ֥רֶב (ha-ʿerev) – Root: ערב (ʿerev); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the evening”; Notes: Specifies time.
- הַשְּׁלִשִֽׁית׃ (ha-shelishit) – Root: שלש (shalosh); Form: Adjective, feminine singular definite; Translation: “the third”; Notes: Indicates the third evening.