כֹּֽה־יַעֲשֶׂה֩ יְהוָ֨ה לִֽיהֹונָתָ֜ן וְכֹ֣ה יֹסִ֗יף כִּֽי־יֵיטִ֨ב אֶל־אָבִ֤י אֶת־הָֽרָעָה֙ עָלֶ֔יךָ וְגָלִ֨יתִי֙ אֶת־אָזְנֶ֔ךָ וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָ וְהָלַכְתָּ֣ לְשָׁלֹ֑ום וִיהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה עִם־אָבִֽי׃
Thus may YHWH do to Yehonatan, and thus may He add, if my father intends evil against you, then I will disclose it to your ear and send you away, and you shall go in peace. And may YHWH be with you as He was with my father.
Morphology
- כֹּֽה־יַעֲשֶׂה֩ (koh-yaʿaseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Adverb + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “Thus may He do”; Notes: A formulaic oath.
- יְהוָ֨ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- לִֽיהֹונָתָ֜ן (li-Yehonatan) – Root: יהונתן (Yehonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Yehonatan”; Notes: Refers to the speaker himself.
- וְכֹ֣ה (ve-koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “and thus”; Notes: Emphasizing the oath.
- יֹסִ֗יף (yosif) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular, Hiphil; Translation: “may He add”; Notes: Expresses further action.
- כִּֽי־יֵיטִ֨ב (ki-yeitiv) – Root: יטב (yatav); Form: Conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular, Hiphil; Translation: “if he intends well”; Notes: Introduces a condition.
- אֶל־אָבִ֤י (el-avi) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to my father”; Notes: Refers to Shaʾul.
- אֶת־הָֽרָעָה֙ (et-ha-raʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the evil”; Notes: Refers to harm planned against Dawid.
- עָלֶ֔יךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the action.
- וְגָלִ֨יתִי֙ (ve-galiti) – Root: גלה (galah); Form: Conjunctive vav + perfect 1st person singular, Hiphil; Translation: “and I will disclose”; Notes: Indicates revealing information.
- אֶת־אָזְנֶ֔ךָ (et-oznekha) – Root: אזן (ʾozen); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to your ear”; Notes: A Hebrew idiom meaning “to inform you.”
- וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָ (ve-shillaḥtikha) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Conjunctive vav + perfect 1st person singular, Piel + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and I will send you away”; Notes: Emphasizes action.
- וְהָלַכְתָּ֣ (ve-halakhta) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Conjunctive vav + perfect 2nd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “and you shall go”; Notes: Sequential action.
- לְשָׁלֹ֑ום (le-shalom) – Root: שלום (shalom); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “in peace”; Notes: Describes the manner of departure.
- וִיהִ֤י (vi-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunctive vav + jussive 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “and may He be”; Notes: A blessing.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of the blessing.
- עִמָּ֔ךְ (ʿimmakh) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Denotes divine presence.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “as”; Notes: Introduces comparison.
- הָיָ֖ה (hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “He was”; Notes: Refers to past action.
- עִם־אָבִֽי׃ (ʿim-avi) – Root: עם (ʿim) + אב (av); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “with my father”; Notes: Refers to Shaʾul.