רֹאֶ֨יךָ֙ אֵלֶ֣יךָ יַשְׁגִּ֔יחוּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ יִתְבֹּונָ֑נוּ הֲזֶ֤ה הָאִישׁ֙ מַרְגִּ֣יז הָאָ֔רֶץ מַרְעִ֖ישׁ מַמְלָכֹֽות׃
Those who see you will gaze at you, they will carefully consider you: ‘Is this the man who made the earth tremble, who shook kingdoms?
Morphology
- רֹאֶיךָ (roʾekha) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal participle masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “those who see you”; Notes: Refers to onlookers in Sheʾol or among the nations.
- אֵלֶיךָ (eilekha) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “at you” or “toward you”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis in parallel clauses.
- יַשְׁגִּיחוּ (yashgiḥu) – Root: שׁגח (shagaḥ); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they will gaze”; Notes: Conveys fixed, focused attention.
- יִתְבֹּונָנוּ (yitbonanu) – Root: בּין (bin); Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they will consider carefully”; Notes: Reflective verb indicating astonishment or contemplation.
- הֲזֶה (ha-zeh) – Root: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: Interrogative + masculine singular; Translation: “Is this”; Notes: Introduces rhetorical amazement.
- הָאִישׁ (ha-ish) – Root: אישׁ (ʾish); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the man”; Notes: Focus of the shock and scorn.
- מַרְגִּיז (margiz) – Root: רגז (ragaz); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “who made tremble”; Notes: Refers to stirring unrest or terror in the earth.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: The sphere affected by his oppressive power.
- מַרְעִישׁ (marʿish) – Root: רעשׁ (raʿash); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “who shook”; Notes: Used metaphorically for causing chaos or upheaval.
- מַמְלָכֹות (mamlakhot) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “kingdoms”; Notes: The targets of his former political or military domination.