הָרִֽאשֹׁנֹ֖ות הִנֵּה־בָ֑אוּ וַֽחֲדָשֹׁות֙ אֲנִ֣י מַגִּ֔יד בְּטֶ֥רֶם תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה אַשְׁמִ֥יע אֶתְכֶֽם׃ פ
The former things, behold, they have come, and new things I am declaring; before they spring forth, I cause you to hear them.
Morphology
- הָרִֽאשֹׁנֹ֖ות (ha-rishonot) – Root: ראשׁ; Form: Definite article + adjective feminine plural; Translation: “the former things”; Notes: Refers to earlier prophecies or events already fulfilled.
- הִנֵּה־ (hinneh) – Root: נה (demonstrative particle); Form: Interjection; Translation: “behold”; Notes: Introduces emphasis or dramatic announcement.
- בָ֑אוּ (vaʾu) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they have come”; Notes: Indicates completed action; refers to “the former things.”
- וַֽחֲדָשֹׁות (va-ḥadashot) – Root: חדשׁ; Form: Conjunction + adjective feminine plural; Translation: “and new things”; Notes: In contrast to “the former things.”
- אֲנִ֣י (ani) – Root: אני; Form: Independent pronoun, first person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic subject.
- מַגִּ֔יד (maggid) – Root: נגד; Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “am declaring”; Notes: Ongoing action from the speaker (YHWH).
- בְּטֶ֥רֶם (be-terem) – Root: טרם; Form: Preposition; Translation: “before”; Notes: Introduces the temporal clause.
- תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה (titsmaḥnah) – Root: צמח; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “they spring forth”; Notes: Refers to the “new things.”
- אַשְׁמִ֥יע (ʾashmiʿa) – Root: שמע; Form: Hifil imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I cause to hear”; Notes: Denotes divine initiative in revealing.
- אֶתְכֶֽם (ʾetkhem) – Root: אתם; Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Object of the verb “I cause to hear.”